Nose and Sinus Quiz Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Nose and Sinus Quiz Deck (53)
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1
Q

Nonspecific term used to describe acute infections of the nose, sinuses, pharynx, trachea, and bronchi.

A

Upper respiratory infection

2
Q

Conditions that account for the majority of antibiotic prescriptions prescribed

A

Upper Respiratory Infection

Otitis media

3
Q

Signs and symptoms of viral rhinitis

A

A.k.a. Common Cold
Signs = swollen nasal tissues and cervical lymph nodes
Symptoms =Stuffy nose and sinuses with a watery to thick discharge, sneezing, sore throat, cough and headache

4
Q

Signs and symptoms of allergic rhinitis

A

A.k.a. Hay fever
Signs = swollen nasal tissues and cervical lymph nodes
Symptoms = stuffy nose and sinuses with a watery discharge, sneezing, post nasal drip, cough, itchy eyes, nose and throat persisting beyond 10 days

5
Q

Signs and symptoms of acute sinusitis

A
Signs = swollen nasal tissues and cervical lymph nodes
Symptoms = stuffy nose and sinuses with a green purulent discharge, face, teeth or eye pain aggravated by bending over
6
Q

What tests can be utilized to check for suspected acute sinusitis?

A
Digital pressure (of maxillary and frontal sinuses)
Transillumination (same sinuses)
7
Q

Grape like inflammatory swellings of the nasal lining

A

Polyps

8
Q

Who develops nasal polyps?

A

Adults have have had allergies and/or chronic sinus infections over the years.

9
Q

T/F Polyps will never interfere with nasal drainage

A

FALSE

They may interfere with nasal drainage

10
Q

Trauma to the nose may lead to this condition. May cause breathing difficulties following the trauma

A

Deviated septum

11
Q

Tool used to inspect someone with a suspected deviated septum

A

Nasal speculum (or light)

12
Q

What is the Nasal Cycle?

A

A normal cycle of mild congestion and decongestion alternating between nostrils about every 4 hours making it easier to breathe out of one nostril more than the other

13
Q

Any child with a one-sided runny noise should be examined for this

A

Foreign objects

14
Q

Cranial nerve tested when the patient is asked to smell something

A

C.N. I (Olfactory nerve)

15
Q

More than half of the reported cases of loss of smell are due to:

A
  • Head injuries
  • Post URI’s
  • Nasal/sinus conditions
16
Q

Mullin’s 5 T’s

A
  • Teeth (maloclussions and cavities)
  • Tongue (top bottom and sides)
  • Tissues (between cheeks, lips, and gums)
  • Tonsils (often atrophied and not visible in the adult)
  • Throat (a very limited view)
17
Q

Causes a cold sore/ fever blister

A

Herpes simplex type 1

18
Q

Conditions of the teeth

A

Crowded teeth

Malocclusions

19
Q

Red, swollen smooth tongue due to the loss of papillae.

A

Glossitis

20
Q

T/F Glossitis is always a primary tongue problem

A

FALSE.

Is can be a primary tongue problem or secondary to another disorder

21
Q

Form of glossitis were the papillae are temporarily loss leaving, smooth, irregular patches with a white outline

A

Geographic tongue

22
Q

Characterized by groves in the tongue of varying depth and width. Benign, asymptomatic condition starting in childhood and becoming more prominent with age.

A

Fissured tongue

23
Q

Fissured tongue is frequently associated with what other condition?

A

Geographic tongue

24
Q

Results from long term antibiotic use or failure of the papillae to naturally fall off causing them to elongate.

A

Black hairy tongue

25
Q

Characterized by recurrent, crops of small, painful ulcers on the intraoral mucosa that heal without scaring in 2 weeks

A

Aphthous stomatitis (Canker sore)

26
Q

Noncancerous or precancerous oral lesion common to people who use tobacco products. Appear as white leathery ridges on the buccal mucosa.

A

Leukoplakia

27
Q

T/F Leukoplakia will never resolve once it forms

A

FALSE.

Leukoplakia will resolve in about 6 weeks if they quit chewing tobacoo

28
Q

Causes red, swollen, sensitive and bleeding gums.

A

Gingivitis

29
Q

In gingivitis, resident bacteria and saliva form ____; _____ is a hardened version of this that causes gingivitis. Brushing and flossing is used to prevent this.

A

Plaque

Tartar

30
Q

Tobacco products is associated with 70-80% of cases. May present as persistent, painless thickening, lump, ulcer, or a red or white patch anywhere in the mouth or throat.

A

Oral carcinoma

31
Q

Most common places for oral carcinoma

A

Sides of the tongue, lips, and floor of the mouth

32
Q

Benign exostosis of either the hard palate or mandible that appear around age 30

A

Torus palatinus (Torus mandibularis)

33
Q

Self-limiting viral or bacterial infection of the pharyngeal tonsils.

A

Tonsillitis

34
Q

Signs and symptoms of tonsillitis

A
Signs = sore throat, thick voice, swollen cervical lymph nodes, red, swollen tonsils that may be coated or have white spots on them
Symptoms = painful swallowing
35
Q

Forms when mucous, sulfur producing bacteria and debris condense into small particles and collect in the crypts on the surface on the tonsils.

A

Tonsillar debris (tonsil stones)

36
Q

Accounts for about 60% of sore throats

A

Viral pharyngitis

37
Q

Clinical features of viral pharyngitis

A

Runny nose, cough, hoarseness, conjunctivitis, or diarrhea

38
Q

Accounts for about 40% of sore throats

A

Bacterial pharyngitis

39
Q

Clinical features of bacterial pharyngitis

A

Rapid onset of throat pain aggravated by swallowing,. Fever, tender cervical lymph nodes and inflammation with a purulent, patchy white, yellow, or gray exudate

40
Q

Accounts for about 10% of bacterial sore throats

A

Streptococcal pharyngitis

41
Q

Best way to identify streptococcal pharyngitis

A

Throat cultures (and strep test)

42
Q

Occurs in 1% of people who have had strep throat. Antibiotics are more than 90% effective in preventing this.

A

Rheumatic fever

43
Q

Self-limiting illness and is not prevented with antibiotic treatment. May cause damage to a heart valve

A

Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis

44
Q

Common upper respiratory tract conditions

A

1) Common cold
2) Allergic rhinitis
3) Sinusitis
4) Pharyngitis
(sometimes Laryngitis can be common)

45
Q

Irritation of the larynx causes inflammation of the mucous lining and vocal cords resulting in a sore scratchy throat, hoarseness or loss of voice

A

Laryngitis

46
Q

Only physical sign of Laryngitis

A

Cervical lymphadenopathy

Possibly stridor

47
Q

T/F Fremitus, percussion, and auscultation will all be abnormal in someone with laryngitis

A

FALSE.

Fremitus, percussion, and auscultation will all be normal

48
Q

Cranial nerves that need to be assessed as part of the mouth and throat exam

A

XII
IX
X
XII

49
Q

C.N. sense anterior 2/3 of the tongue primarily dealing with sweet and salty tastes

A

XII

50
Q

C.N. sense posterior 1/3 of the tongue primarily dealing with sour and bitter tastes

A

IX

51
Q

C.N. tested when initiating a gag reflex

A

IX

X

52
Q

C.N. tested when the patient says “Coo la me”

A

X

53
Q

C.N. tested when the patient presses their tongue into each cheek

A

XII