Nose and Sinuses

Question 1

[True or False]

Food is better appreciated with smell.

Answer 1

True

The aroma of food enhances apetite.

Question 2

How many different odors can the sense of smell sense?

Answer 2

2,000 - 4,000 different odors

Question 3

When does the embryo develops an understanding of smell?

Answer 3

42 days of the life

Question 4

How does an embryo become familair with the mother’s scent?

Answer 4

Amniotic fluid

The mother’s amniotic fluid passes through their nostrils and is captured by the scent receptors, they become familiar with their mother’s scent.

Question 5

This process draws the molecules up to the smell receptors for analysis and is stored in our brains.

Answer 5

Sniffing

Question 6

[True or False]

The brain can recreate distict smells, odors, or scents without an odor or stinulus.

Answer 6

True

Question 8

Is a triangular projection of bone and cartilage situated midline on the face.

Answer 8

Nose

Question 9

What is the first and only visible organ of the respiratory system?

Answer 9

Nose

Question 10

It asists in respiration, olfaction, conditioning of inspired air and immune defense.

Answer 10

Nasal cavity

Question 11

Enumerate the steps or passage of air during inspiration.

Answer 11

Nostrils (nares) -> Conchae -> Nasal cavity -> Trachea -> Lungs

Question 12

This is where air is filtered, warmed and moistened before it moves toward the trachea and lungs.

Answer 12

Nasal Cavity

Question 13

What special structure present in the respiratory tract that air is filtered through?

Answer 13

Cilia

Question 14

True or False

The nose is consists of external and internal structure.

Answer 14

True

Question 15

Is on the superior aspect of the nose, medial to each orbit of the eyes.

Answer 15

Bridge ofthe Nose

Question 16

Is inferior to the bridge and free ofattachment to the face.

Answer 16

Tip of the Nose

Question 17

The two oval external openings at the base of the nose.

Answer 17

Nares or Nostrils

Question 18

What two structures surround the nares?

Answer 18

Columella and Alar cartilage

Question 19

What is the continuation of the columella dividing the nose into the right and left sides?

Answer 19

Nasal septum

Question 20

What is the medical term for nosebleeds?

Answer 20

Epistaxis

Question 21

What is the vascular area on the nasal septum and common site of nosebleeds (epistaxis)?

Answer 21

Kiesselbach’s plexus

Question 22

This structure helps clean and filter inspired air and has redder appearance than the oral mucosa.

Answer 22

Nasal mucosa

Question 23

What structure of the nose add large amounts of water-inspired air through evaporation from its surface?

Answer 23

Nasal mucosa

Question 24

These structures divide each side of the cavity and are rich in glands and have an abundant blood supply.

Answer 24

Conchae or Turbinates

Question 25

What are the three conchae or turbinates?

Answer 25

Superior, middle and inferior

Question 26

What are these bony projections, covered with nasal mucosa, add surface area for cleaning, moistening, and warming air entering the respiratory tract?

Answer 26

Conchae or Turbinates

Question 27

What structure of the nose and sinuses traps fine dust particles?

Answer 27

Mucous covering

Question 28

What structure of the nose and sinuses kill most of the bacteria?

Answer 28

Lysosomes

Question 29

What structures of the nose collect and transport the mucus, bacteria, and the coarser particles (debris) to the pharynx to be swallowed or expectorated?

Answer 29

Tiny hairs of the nose

Question 30

What are these tiny hair of the nose?

Answer 30

Cilia

Question 31

What contains immunoglobulins and enzymes that defend against inflammation and infection?

Answer 31

Mucus

Question 32

What comes after nasal cavity?

Answer 32

Nasopharynx

Question 33

What form filaments that merge or connect to the olfactory nerve (cranial nerve I) and are responsiblefor the sense of smell?

Answer 33

Olfactory cells

Question 34

Where are olfactory cells located?

Answer 34

Nasal cavity

Question 35

True or False Sense of smell is not necessary for human survival.

Answer 35

True

Question 36

True or False Smell adds to nutrition by enhancing the pleasure and taste of food

Answer 36

True

Question 37

What are these mucous-lined, air-filled cavities surrounding the nasal cavity and perform the same air-processing functionsof filtration, moistening, and warming?

Answer 37

Paranasal sinuses

Question 38

What is the cause of an obstructed paranasal sinuses?

Answer 38

Inflammation or sinusitis

Question 39

What structures reduce weight of the skull and are resonant chambers that affect the quality of the voice?

Answer 39

Paranasal sinuses

Question 40

What are the different paranasal sinuses?

Answer 40

Sphenoid, Frontal, Ethmoid, and Maxillary

Question 41

What paranasal sinuses are accessible for examination?

Answer 41

Frontal and Maxilary

Question 42

What paranasal sinus located just below the brow?

Answer 42

Frontal

Question 43

What paranasal sinus is located on the cheekbone?

Answer 43

Maxillary

Question 44

What enables olfaction?

Answer 44

Nasal Cavity

Question 45

This helps identify sources of nearby danger or nutrition and influences mood and sexuality.

Answer 45

Olfaction

Question 46

What is the emotional-visceral part of the brain?

Answer 46

Limbic system

Question 47

True or False Olfactory impressions are long-lasting and become part of the memories and emotions.

Answer 47

True

Question 48

Explain the Physiology of Smell

Answer 48

NC -> OR -> ON -> OB & T -> OC (FL) -> smell

Question 49

True of False Sense of smell declines in older patients

Answer 49

True

Question 50

What is the other term for nose reshaping that are common among Caucasians and South Asians? It is also the most popular aesthetic enhancement among Filipinos.

Answer 50

Rhinoplasty or nose job

Question 51

What nasal disease is prevalent in Filipinos affecting 2 out of every 10 Filipinos?

Answer 51

Allergic rhinitis

Question 52

What is the medical term for itchy nose?

Answer 52

Nasal congestion

Question 53

True or False Do not use a speculum unless a qualified practitioner is present.

Answer 53

True

Question 54

What is the appropriate position for Nose and Sinus Assessment?

Answer 54

Sitting, with the practitioner standing directly in front of the client

Question 55

Malar rash in nose is visible in clients with _______.

Answer 55

Systemic Lupus Erythemaosus

Question 56

Thickening and coarseness seen in _______.

Answer 56

Hypothyroidism

Question 57

Large bulbous nose with a coarse "orange skin" like apearance suggest a _________.

Answer 57

Rhinophyma deformity

Question 58

Horizontal nasal crease.

Answer 58

Allergic sallute sign

Question 59

Possible causes of Bloody drainage characteristics

Answer 59

Trauma, hypertension or bleeding diorders

Question 60

Possible causes of Clear, bilateral drainage characteristics

Answer 60

Allergic rhinitis

Question 61

Possible causes of Clear, unilateral drainage characteristics

Answer 61

May be spinal fluid as result of head trauma or fracture

Question 62

Possible causes of Clear, mucoid drainage characteristics

Answer 62

Nasal allergy, viral rhinitis

Question 63

Yellow or Green

Answer 63

Upper respiratory tract infection (viral or bacterial), stasis

Question 64

What is the internal nasal mucosa characteristics of client with inflammation from rhinitis or sinusitis which also suggest cocaine abuse?

Answer 64

Bright red mucosa

Question 65

What is the internal nasal mucosa characteristics of client with Herpes infection?

Answer 65

Clustered vesicles

Question 66

What is the internal nasal mucosa characteristics of client with Allergic or infectious disorder, epistaxis, head or nose trauma?

Answer 66

Copious or colored discharge

Question 67

What is the internal nasal mucosa characteristics of client with Previous epistaxis

Answer 67

Dried clustered blood

Question 68

What is the internal nasal mucosa characteristics of client with Allergic rhinitis

Answer 68

Pale or gray mucosa

Question 69

What is the internal nasal mucosa characteristics of client with Chronic infection, trauma, cocaine use

Answer 69

Ulcers or perforations

Question 70

What is the internal nasal mucosa characteristics of client with Allergies, irritation or chronic infection?

Answer 70

Polyps (elongated round projections)

Question 71

It is performed if a sinus infection is suspected or if tenderness is detected during palpation and percussion.

Answer 71

Transilluminate the sinuses

Question 72

What is the clasic maneuver in the evaluation of nasal valve collapse?

Answer 72

Cottle maneuver

Question 73

Where do you palpate for frontal sinuses?

Answer 73

Under the medial aspect of the brow ridge ( or below the superior orbital ridge)

Question 74

Where do you palpate for maxillary sinuses?

Answer 74

Under the zygomatic arch (cheekbone)

Question 75

The focus of this assessment is to determine whether there is tenderness.

Answer 75

Percussion

Question 76

What percussion method should be used in the sinuses?

Answer 76

Direct percussion

Question 77

What sound is elicited by the sinuses?

Answer 77

Resonant tone

Question 78

What is the sound/tone elicited of sinus cavity with chronic or acute sinusitis?

Answer 78

Dull tone

Question 79

[TRUE OR FALSE] Percuss first before palpation in painful areas.

Answer 79

TRUE

Question 80

[TRUE OR FALSE] Do not use scents that have lingering effects.

Answer 80

TRUE