Notable Notes

Question 1

Ischaemia

Answer 1

Loss, stoppage or inadequate blood flow

Question 2

Infarction

Answer 2

Obstruction of blood flow to organ/region

Question 3

Capill-

Answer 3

Capillaries- hair-like vessels

Question 4

Corona dentis

Answer 4

Crown of a tooth

Question 5

Corona capitis

Answer 5

Crown of the head

Question 6

Infarct

Answer 6

Area of tissue that undergoes necrosis due to cessation of blood flow

Question 7

Duodenal regurgitation

Answer 7

Return flow of chyme to stomach

Question 8

Diastole

Answer 8

Expansion period where heart dilates and the atria and ventricles fill with blood (80- lower one)

Question 9

Systole

Answer 9

Period where heart contracts to send blood through arteries (120)

Question 10

Thyr-

Answer 10

Derives from Greek word meaning shield
Thyroid gland

Question 11

Atresia

Answer 11

a-/-TRES-/-ia
Congenital absence of an opening

Eg.) proctatresia

Question 12

Ventricle

Answer 12

2 lower chambers of heart
One of the fluid-filled cavities of the brain

Question 13

Amygdalotome

Answer 13

Instrument for excision of tonsil

Question 14

Bacillus anthracis

Answer 14

Rod-shaped bacteria causing anthrax

Question 15

Capn-

Answer 15

Kapnos- to smoke
Capn-CO2

Question 16

Pneumoconiosis
Coniosis

Answer 16

Conditions affecting respiratory tract owing to inhaling of dust particles

Iron particles in dust- siderosis
Silicon- silicosis
Tin- stannosis
Etc

Question 17

Glottis vs epiglottis

Answer 17

Glottis- slit between vocal cords, helping to produce sound
Epiglottis- lid-like uppermost cartilage that covers entrance to larynx

Question 18

Paresis

Answer 18

Falling or slackening or letting go(of strength)- partial paralysis

Question 19

Emphysema

Answer 19

em-(in)/PHYS-(blow)/ema(condition)

Condition of being blown up

Question 20

Pneumat- vs pneumon-

Answer 20

Pneumat- air/gas
Pneumon- lung

Question 21

Pneum-

Answer 21

Air/gas or lung - look at context

Eg. Pneumocentesis - surgical puncture of lung
Pneumohaemia- presence of air in blood

Question 22

Sep- vs sept- vs sept-

Answer 22

Sep- infected
Sept- wall/partition
Sept- seven

Eg.) septic- infected/ pertaining to sepsis
Septoplasty- plastic surgery of nasal septum
Septipara- women who has given birth 7 times

Question 23

Staphylococcus and streptococcus

Answer 23

A micro-organism that clusters together like a bunch of grapes

A micro-organism that forms twisted chains

Question 24

Sud-, sudor-, hidr-, phor- and spir-

Answer 24

Sweat

Eg.) diaphoresis - profuse sweating

Question 25

TB

Answer 25

Aka phthisis/consumption

Question 26

Choledochography

Answer 26

Radiography of bile duct

Question 27

Duodenum

Answer 27

Latin meaning 12 each referring to part’s length of about 12 finger-breadths

Question 28

Diverticulum

Answer 28

Small sac or pouch forming in walls of an organ Eg.) diverticulosis - in colon

Question 29

Jejun-

Answer 29

Jejunum (empty)

Question 30

Ile-

Answer 30

Ileum(to roll)

Question 31

Pancreas

Answer 31

PAN(all)-/CREAS-(flesh)

Question 32

Geus-, geust- and Osm-, osphr-

Answer 32

Geus-, geust- =taste Osm-, osphr-= smell Eg.) amblygeustia: dullness of taste dysgeusia: impairment/perversion of taste dysosmia: distortion of normal smell perception hypergeusia: excessive acuteness of taste hypogeusia: diminished sense of taste oxygeusia: abnormally keen sense of taste oxyosmia: unusual acuity of the sense of smell oxyosphresia: abnormal acuity of the sense of smell

Question 33

Sphincter ani

Answer 33

Sphincter closing anus

Question 34

-agogue

Answer 34

Agent increasing flow of Eg.) sialagogue and ptyalagogue both mean agent increasing flow of saliva

Question 35

-AGRA

Answer 35

Gout Sudden/acute pain

Question 36

Menarche

Answer 36

Original menstruation period

Question 37

Cryostat

Answer 37

Device for maintaining low temps

Question 38

Mastoplasia/mazoplasia

Answer 38

Degenerative hyperplasia of mammary gland

Question 39

Mastopexy/mazopexy

Answer 39

Surgical fixation of pendulous breast

Question 40

Primigravida or gravida I (Roman numeral)

Answer 40

Women in her first pregnancy

Question 41

Nulligravida vs nullipara

Answer 41

Nulligravida-Women who has never been pregnant Nullipara-Women who has never given birth

Question 42

Pen-

Answer 42

Deficiency or penis

Question 43

Sacr-

Answer 43

Sacrum Supposedly used in sacrifices(sacred) to the gods

Question 44

Salping, salpinx-

Answer 44

Fallopian tubes/oviducts Greek word refers to war trumpet

Question 45

Test-

Answer 45

In Latin, Testis was used to refer to a witness Testicle- little witness to one’s manhood

Question 46

Amni-

Answer 46

Amnion- little lamb

Question 47

Fibula

Answer 47

Clasp, buckle or brooch Fibula resembles the pin part of a clasp

Question 48

My- and mys-

Answer 48

Mouse -muscle

Question 49

Phalanx-, phalang-

Answer 49

Line or row as in battle formation- bones of hand and foot resemble the shape

Question 50

Fascia

Answer 50

Band or bandage - fibrous membrane that covers, supports and separates muscles and internal organs

Question 51

Burs-

Answer 51

Leather sac - sac/cavity found on connective tissue close to the joints

Question 52

Achilles tendon

Answer 52

Calcaneal tendon

Question 53

Manu-

Answer 53

Hand Eg.) manual, manicure

Question 54

Genu-flect

Answer 54

Bend the knee

Question 55

Breviped

Answer 55

Bird with short legs

Question 56

BUCC-

Answer 56

Cheek Buccinator(trumpet)-denoting a person with swollen cheeks when blowing a trumpet

Question 57

Iris-, irid-

Answer 57

Rainbow/varied colours of circular eye muscle -iris

Question 58

Cornu- vs Corne-

Answer 58

Cornu- horn (noun) Corne- horny (adjective)

Question 59

Pupill- and core-

Answer 59

Pupil Girl/doll- reflection of mini person in eye

Question 60

Mesencephalon Metencephalon Proencephalon

Answer 60

Midbrain Hindbrain (meta-after) aka rhombencephalon Forebrain

Question 61

My-

Answer 61

To shut Eg.) myopia (nearsightedness)- name comes from squinting to try and see

Question 62

Oma-(suffix)

Answer 62

Usually swelling or tumour In ophthalmology- abnormal condition or disease Eg.) corestenoma

Question 63

Gemini

Answer 63

Twins

Question 64

Kerat-

Answer 64

Cornea(horn) Synonym of Corne-

Question 65

Amastia/amazia

Answer 65

Absence of breast tissue