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1
Q

Post op laxatives

A

Senna and bisacodyl

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2
Q

Neuropathic pain and chronic tension headache?

A

Amitriptyline

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3
Q

Neuropathic pain in diabetic neuropathy

A

Gabapentin

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4
Q

Diabetes with pins and needles

A

Muscle relaxant

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5
Q

When not to give glucose fluids

A

STROKE

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6
Q

How much K in 0.3%

A

40mmol

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7
Q

How to go up the pain ladder

A

Paracetamol
Codeiene
PRN morphine sulfate MR
PRN morphine sulfate IR

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8
Q

Pain relief in fracture

A

Pain ladder, use patches and PCA

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9
Q

How much glucose in a 5% 1L bag?

A

50g

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10
Q

Max dose of bisoprolol

A

1.25mg-20mg

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11
Q

Metformin starting dose

A

500mg

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12
Q

Drugs which cause confusion?

A

Benzos
Zopiclone
Opioids
Anticholinergics - atropine, oxybutynin
Anti-convulsants
Antidepressants
Anti-convulsants

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13
Q

Drugs which cause dehydration?

A

Diuretics

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14
Q

Drugs which cause liver impairment

A

NSAIDs
Steroids
Rifampicin

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15
Q

Drugs which cause urinary retention

A

Anticholinergics
Anaesthetics
Alpha agonists
Benzos
NSAIDs
CCBs
Anti-histamines
Alcohol

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16
Q

What Parkinsons drugs can be given if NBM?

A

Ropinirole can be crushed and given via NG

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17
Q

Which drugs should not be taken with methotrexate?

A

NSAIDs - affects clotting
Trimethoprim - bone marrow suppression
PPIs - increases levels of methotrexate

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18
Q

Ototoxic drugs

A

Gentamycin
Bumetanide
Furosemide IV
Vancomycin

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19
Q

Causes of CDIFF

A

Co-amox, clindamycin, cipro and cephalosporins
PPIs
Low magnesium
Low Na

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20
Q

Symptoms of opioid overdose?

A

Small pupils, not responsive, respiratory depression

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21
Q

How to treat opioid overdose

A

Naloxone IM 400micrograms every 2-3 mins

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22
Q

Side effects of quinolones e.g. ciprofloxacillin

A

Tendon rupture
Long QT
Reduce seizure threshold

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23
Q

Acute asthma treatment

A

Oxygen
Salbutamol 5mg nebs back to back
Hydrocortisone 100mg IV, prednisolone 40mg orally
Ipratropium bromide 500 micro nebs
Theophylinne/aminophylline
Magnesium IV

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24
Q

Metformin side effects

A

ACIDOSIS - SOB, muscle cramps, abdo pain, hypothermia

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25
Sulfonylurea side effects
Hypoglycaemia
26
SGLT2 side effects
Look out for DKA signs even if BM normal
27
Side effects of all antipsychotics to be aware of
Photosensitivity - avoid direct sunlight Drowsiness
28
Lithium warning
Salt and fluid intake Avoid NSAIDs
29
How long until antidepressants work?
Can take up to 1 months - need to take for 6 months
30
Side effects of SSRIs
Abdo symptoms Concentration Electrolyte imbalance
31
What contraception for epilepsy?
POP or copper
32
Pregnancy UTI
Nitro Amox second line
33
What anticoag is used in pregnancy
Dalteparin (LMWH)
34
What to do if taking analgesia too frequently?
Switch to MR
35
Blood clot prophylaxis in ortho surgery
Enoxaparin 40mg
36
Anti-emetic first line
Cyclizine 50mg 8 hourly IV/IM
37
What anti-emetic in heart failure?
Metoclopramide 10mg 8 hourly IV
38
Aminophylline monitoring
O2 sats for therapeutic affects
39
Which drugs to continue in surgery?
CCBs and Beta blockers
40
Which drugs to increase for surgery?
Steroids
41
When to stop K sparing diuertics and ACEi
On the day
42
Metformin and surgery
Can stop and substitute with a sliding scale
43
When to stop anticoags
1 week before
44
When to avoid nitrofurantoin?
Renal failure
45
Meningitis abx?
Cefotaxime
46
Neutropenic sepsis
IV TAZOCIN
47
ACEi side effects
Low Na and high K Cough Renal artery stenosis and renal impairment - be careful
48
ACEi and creatinine
If rises within 20% then fine, if more then stop - can preciptate ischaemic limb
49
What eGFR should we avoid ACEi
below 30
50
Heart failure treatment
UNLOAD Sit up Nitrates Loop diuertics Oxygen ACEi Digoxin
51
When should we avoid BBs?
PVD
52
CCBs side effects
Leg swelling and flushing Avoid in biventricular failure
53
Which diuertics cause hypokalaemia
Loop and thiazide
54
Monitoring for diuertics
Weight
55
Type 2 diabetes treatment
Metformin - dont use in low GFR Gliclazide if under or normal weight
56
Side effects of sulfonylureas
WEight gain Hypos Renal and liver damage
57
Hypoglycaemia treatment
Conscious - oral glucose 10-20g IV access and unconcious - 20% 100mls glucose
58
UC Severe flare
more than 6 movements and systemically unwell IV hydrocortisone and fast fluids
59
UC mild flare?
Oral prednisolone 30mg over 24 hours
60
Warfarin periop?
INR more than 1.5 - give 5mg oral vit K even if their target is higher
61
Bridging therapy when starting warfarin?
When you start its a pro-coag, bridge with LMWH
62
VTE prophylaxis
Dalteparin - LWMH
63
DOAC examples
Xaban - apixaban, rivaroxaban - Block Xa
64
Bulk forming laxatives example
Ispaghula husk - slow to work!!
65
Osmotic laxatives examples
Lactulose - increase water in bowel and used in hepatic encephalopathy
66
Stimulant laxatives
Senna, bisacodyl, NEVER IN BO
67
Stool softners
Docusate
68
Kids laxatives
Lactulose or stool softners
69
Hyperkalaemia treatment
10 units of actrapid 100mls of 20% dextrose IV Nebulised salbutamol 5mg Calcium gluconate - 10mls of 10%
70
Treatment for secretions in palliative care?
Hyoscine butylbromide
71
Treatment for agitation in palliative care?
Midazolam
72
Treatment for nausea in palliative care?
Cyclizine
73
Long term post MI meds
CRABS Clopidogrel Ramipril Aspirin Beta blocker Statin
74
Chronic HF treatment
ACEi (not in asthma, give ARB instead), beta blocker but not in acute Spironolactone or amiloride
75
AF more than 48 hours
Rate with beta blocker or diltiazem or verapimil Can use digoxin if fast AF
76
AF less than 24 hours
Amiodarone and flecanide
77
Anaphylaxis treatment
Nebulsied salbutamol 500 micrograms 1 in 1000 adrenaline IM
78
What seizures do you use valproate?
Generalised, myoclonic, tonic
79
Focal seizure treatment
Carbamazipine or lamotrigine
80
Monitoring - vancomycin
Renal function
81
Monitoring lithium
Weekly till stable, then 3 monthly - advice about Na intake
82
Monitoring statins
ALT, stop if CK is raised or symptomatic Note - only stop if ALT is above 3x, otherwise drop dose
83
Phenytoin monitoring
check levels IV - do ECG
84
ACEi monitoring
Renal function in 1-2 weeks Exercise tolerance for benefits !
85
Methotrexate monitoring
Liver/renal function 1-2 weeks then monthly Stop if WCC drops Avoid in hepatic or renal impairment
86
Antipsychotics monitoring
Olanzopine - fasting BM Clozapine - FBC weekly for 18 weeks, ECG
87
Amiodarone monitoring
CXR
88
Gentamycin monitoring and dose adjustments
Trough and peak high peak - reduce the dose high trough - increase interval
89
Digoxin monitoring
Creatinine
90
COCP/HRT monitoring
BP
91
Valproate monitoring
Liver
92
Tacrolimus monitoring
Trough level
93
Theophylline monitoring
Levels
94
Ciclosporin monitoring
Renal function
95
Cyclizine side effects
fluid retention, urinary retention, constipation, dry mouth
96
Fluoxitine side effects
rash
97
COCP SEs
Irritability, headache, weight gain
98
Enoxaparin SEs
Hyperkalaemia
99
Aspirin side effect
Iron deficiency anaemia
100
Morphine SEs
Urinary retention Renal failure
101
Citalopram and dabigatran
NO - bleeding risk
102
Digoxin side effects
Yellow vision halos Nausea Diarrhoea Confusion
103
Omperazole SE
C diff
104
1% meaning
1g in 100ml
105
What is used for alcohol addiction
Acamprosate
106
Anticholinergic excess - symptoms and causes?
Mad, red, dry and blind Amititriptiline Paroxetine Antimuscarinics Antispychotics
107
What different solutions are given for hypo?
50-100ML of glucose 20% 100-200ML of glucose 10%
108
Which drug can cause ED?
Beta blockers
109
How to monitor the treatment for HF?
Check exercise tolerance
110
How much Na is in 1L of NaCL?
154mmol
111
Which drugs worsen heart failure?
CCBs Prednisolone
112
Which drugs cause vaginal candida
Amox Clarithromycin Prednisolone
113
How to treat thyrotoxicosis caused by amiodraone
Withold the ami

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