Notes

Question 0

What state(s) of matter is/are considered fluids

Answer 0

Liquids and gases

Question 1

Fluids are substances that……

Answer 1

Flow

Question 2

Why do fluids flow?

Answer 2

Because some force is exerted on them.

Question 3

What does fluid flow involve?

Answer 3

The movement of a fluid and the movement of an object through a fluid.

Question 4

What is flow rate?

Answer 4

How quickly a fluid flows in a given amount of time

Question 5

Systems that involve movement are….

Answer 5

Dynamic

Question 6

Air or gas moving around solid objects is referred to as what?

Answer 6

Aerodynamics

Question 7

The movement of liquids around a solid object is known as what?

Answer 7

Hydrodynamics

Question 8

Liquids take the shape of…..

Answer 8

Whatever container they are in.

Question 9

Liquids have a level what?

Answer 9

surface

Question 10

Gases expand to do what?

Answer 10

Fill whatever container they are in

Question 11

The Kinetic Molecular Theory states that:

Answer 11

1. All matter is composed of molecules or other types of particles.
2. Particles are in constant motion
3. There are forces of attraction among particles.

Question 12

The change from on state to another is caused by a change in what?

Answer 12

energy

Question 13

As heat energy is added the particles motion increases and the forces of attraction________

Answer 13

Grow weaker

Question 14

Do liquids have definite volume?

Answer 14

Yes

Question 15

Do liquids have definite shape?

Answer 15

No

Question 16

True or False- Solids have definite volume and definite shape

Answer 16

True

Question 17

Do gases have definite shape?

Answer 17

No

Question 18

Do gases have definite volume?

Answer 18

No

Question 19

In the event of sublimation, the particles at the surface of a block of ice would do what?

Answer 19

Escape directly into the air and become water vapour

Question 20

The forces of attraction are _____ when they are moving slowly and are closer together.

Answer 20

stronger

Question 21

Can the particles in solids flow past each other?

Answer 21

No

Question 22

Can laminar and turbulent flow apply to gases?

Answer 22

Yes

Question 23

Shapes that produce laminar flow have less air or water______

Answer 23

Resistance

Question 24

Shapes that create a laminar flow are________

Answer 24

streamlined or aerodynamic

Question 25

A fluid moving relative to an object experiences what?

Answer 25

Resistance

Question 26

What are wind tunnels used for?

Answer 26

Engineers use the to test airflow around aircraft wings.

Question 27

What causes viscosity?

Answer 27

The forces of attraction among particles (cohesion)

Question 28

When fluids are stationary is viscosity an issue?

Answer 28

No

Question 29

the increased attraction among particles at the surface of a liwuid is known as what?

Answer 29

Surface tension

Question 30

What are some different methods for measuring viscosity

Answer 30

- Timing how quickly a solid falls through a liquid - Timing how long it takes a liquid to fill a small pot - Use a viscometer

Question 31

Does mass stay constant everywhere in the universe?

Answer 31

Yes

Question 32

Does weight stay constant everywhere in the universe?

Answer 32

No

Question 33

What units are used to measure grams?

Answer 33

Grams or units derived from grams such as milligrams or killigrams

Question 34

What is weight measured in?

Answer 34

Newtons

Question 35

How much greater is the mass on earth than the mass on the moon?

Answer 35

Approximately six times bigger.

Question 36

what is volume measured in?

Answer 36

cubic meters, cubic centimeters, litres, or millilitres.

Question 37

What is capacity

Answer 37

The measurement of the amount of space available inside something

Question 38

There is a slight ______ at the edges where the liquid touches the container.

Answer 38

Curve or meniscus

Question 39

To find the volume read the measurement at

Answer 39

the bottom of the meniscus or the center of the surface

Question 40

What are the volumes of liquids measured in?

Answer 40

Liters or MIllilitres

Question 41

Where does the most accurate measurement of the volume of a liquid come from?

Answer 41

Tall narrow cylinders or containers

Question 42

What is the formula for the volume of regular solids?

Answer 42

Length x width x height

Question 43

Solids are usually measure in cubic cm and cubic meters but are sometimes measured in.....

Answer 43

Liters or milliliters

Question 44

1cm cubed = ____ ml

Answer 44

1

Question 45

The volume of small irregular solids must be measured by.......

Answer 45

Displacement

Question 46

To measure the volume of large irregular solids you need...

Answer 46

an overflow can and a graduated cylinder

Question 47

Density is the mass of a substance per.....

Answer 47

Unit volume of the substance

Question 48

What is the formula for density?

Answer 48

Mass divided by volume

Question 49

Why does helium gas float on top of air?

Answer 49

Because helium is less dense

Question 50

Solids have greater densities than liquids and liquids have ______ densities than gases

Answer 50

greater

Question 51

What are the two exceptions?

Answer 51

1. Mercury is a liquid at room temperature but is more dense than many solids and over 13 times as dense as water 2. Water is denser at 4 degrees celsius than it is at 0 degrees celsius

Question 52

what percentage of an iceberg will be submerged in seawater?

Answer 52

89%

Question 53

How do you find how much of a piece of ice is submerged?

Answer 53

Density of ice divided by density of the water (seawater, distilled, etc.) x 100 (Then put on a percentage sign)

Question 54

When an object is place in a fluid, the fluid is...

Answer 54

displaced

Question 55

But the fluid also does what to the object

Answer 55

Pushes back in all directions

Question 56

In addition to buoyancy, what force is exerted on the object?

Answer 56

Gravity

Question 57

What does the Archimedes principle state?

Answer 57

The buoyant force on an object immersed in a fluid is equal to the weight of the fluid that the object displaces.

Question 58

If the object weighs more than it displaces, then it will _____

Answer 58

Sink

Question 59

Why can huge steel ships float on water?

Answer 59

Becuase they are hollow and the hull contains a large volume of air

Question 60

If the upward buoyant force on an immersed object is greater that the downward force of gravity, the object will what?

Answer 60

Rise

Question 61

The object will rise or sink depending on whether it weighs less or more than the fluid it ____

Answer 61

Displaces

Question 62

Since the object and the displaced fluid have the same volume, the object will rise or sink depending on whether it is less or more ______ than the displaced fluid

Answer 62

dense

Question 63

If an object sinks it has ______ buoyancy

Answer 63

negative

Question 64

If an object has negative buoyancy, how are the forces unbalanced?

Answer 64

The force of gravity is greater than the force of buoyancy

Question 65

If the object has neutral buoyancy and the forces are balanced, what happens to it?

Answer 65

It stays in the same place.

Question 66

Because your body mass is much greater than an equal volume of air, what must a hot air balloon do?

Answer 66

Displace a much greater volume of less dense fluid (hot air)

Question 67

What are the load lines on a ship called?

Answer 67

Plimsoll lines

Question 68

What happens to viscosity when a substance is heated?

Answer 68

It decreases

Question 69

What happens to density when the heat increases?

Answer 69

It decreases

Question 70

What happens to volume when the heat increases?

Answer 70

It increases

Question 71

What happens to buoyancy as heat increases?

Answer 71

It decreases

Question 72

Is the density of water greater at 4 degrees celsius or 0 degrees celsius?

Answer 72

4 degrees celsius

Question 73

Why is water less dense at 0 degrees than at 4 degrees?

Answer 73

So the colder water floats on top, and the aquatic life can survive

Question 74

As the density of an object decreases with a rise in temperature, so does the buoyant force that the fluid exerts on an immersed object. Why?

Answer 74

The buoyant force decreases because the displaced fluid weighs less at a higher temperature. The viscosity also decreases as the the attraction between its molecules weakens.