mx of: 1. hypoK 2. hyperK

hypoK: 0.9% NaCl/ 0.3% KCL 1000ml over 4 hours hyperK 1. 10% calcium gluconate 30ml over 10minutes 2. insulin + glucose 3. salbutamol

mx of: 1. hypoCa - features? 2. hyperCa

hypoCa = 10% calcium gluconate 10ml over 10 minutes - CATS go numb = convulsions, arrhythmias, troussers and chovsteks sign, numbness, tetany, long QT hyperCa = 1000ml 0.9% NaCl over 4 hours

Notion bits Flashcards by Natasha Dixon

formula for volume dose concentration?

volume (ml) = dose (mg) / concentration (mg/ml)

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formula for rate?

rate (volume per time ml/hour) = dose per time/ cocnentration

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5% =

5 g in 100ml

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1:1000 =?

1g in 1000ml

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example of lMWH 3

enoxaparin
dalteparin
tinzaparain

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alternative for lMWH if renal failure

UFH

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example of combined HRT name?

EVOREL conti / sequi

estradiol with norethisterone

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2 types of emergency contraction

levonestregel UPSE <72 hours

ulipristal acetate ellaone UPSE < 120 hours

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contraindication for ella one?

asthma

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when can you restart COCP after ellaOne?

5 days after

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example of COCP name

example of POP name

micrognynon

desogesterol

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quick hack to confirm link between side effect and drug?

drug AND side effect

eg:

pioglitazone AND heart failure

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contraindication to prescribing metformin for T2DM?

redcued kidney function eg: cratinin > 150

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example of antacids?

magnesium carbonate

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mx of:

hypoK
hyperK

hypoK:
0.9% NaCl/ 0.3% KCL 1000ml over 4 hours

hyperK

10% calcium gluconate 30ml over 10minutes
insulin + glucose
salbutamol

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effect on weight:
- metformin
- gliptins DPP4
- sulfonurea
- pioglitazone
- SGLT2
- GLP1

weight neutral
- metformin
- DDPI gliptins
- sglt2

INCREASE weight
- sulfongurea
- pioglitazone

lose weight
- GLP1 eg: glutide

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monitoring fOR:
- LMWH
- UFH
- NOAC
- warfarin

lmwh = anti factor Xa

UFH = aPTT

noac = clinical

warfainr = INR

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mx of:
1. hypoCa
- features?

hyperCa

hypoCa
= 10% calcium gluconate 10ml over 10 minutes

CATS go numb = convulsions, arrhythmias, troussers and chovsteks sign, numbness, tetany, long QT

hyperCa
= 1000ml 0.9% NaCl over 4 hours

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contradincation of nitrofurantoin use for UTI?

3rd trimester of pregnancy = neonatal haemoysis

amoxicillin better

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risk of HRT

Breast cancer
endometrial cancer
ovarian cancer
VTE stop 4-6 weeks before surgery
stroke
CAD

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uterus inact and LMP <12 MONTHS

eg: oral sequential combined oestrogne + progesterone (elleste duet) OR patch sequential combined O+P (evorel sequi)

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uterus inact + LMP >12 m

oral continous combined oestrogen + progesterone (elleste duet conti)

patch comtinous combined O+ P (evorel conti)

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post hysterectomy HRT?

oral or patch oestrogen (elleste-solo)

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mx of vasomotor symptoms of someone that cant take HRT?

clonidine

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menopausal atrophic vaginitis mx

topical vaginal oestrogen eg: pessary or ring

brand name of: 1. oral combined cyclical HRT 2. patch combined cyclical HRT 3. oral combined continous HRT 4. patch combined continous HRT 5. oral or patch oestrogen only

1. elleste-duet 2. evorel sequi 3. elleste -duet conti 4. evoral conti 5. elleste solo

acute tratment of migraine prevention?

no aura = ibuporfen or aspirin aura = sumatriptan prevention = propanolol

anti-emetic for hyperemesis gravidarum

promethazine

fluid replacement in low urine output (no obstruction or shock)

1L over 2-4 hours

signs of antimuscarinic toxicity

dry mouth dilated pupils loss of accomodation tachycardia

drugs that cause acute confusion in elderly?

benzo opiods cyclizine metoclopramide anticholingerics steroids

when to withhold mtx?

Active infections= BM suppression

example of drugs in mcg?p

levothyroxin tamsulosin GTN nalxone digoxin fludrocoritson

example of medicaiton in grams?

paracetamol lithium NAC

medications given weekly 3

bisohpohonates MTX folic acid patch

2 drugs most likely to cause hypoG

sulfonurea insulin

drugs likely to cause hyperG 5

steroids beta blockers anitpsycohtics thiazides tacrolimus

drugs cause diarrhoea 5

metformin colchiine PPI abx antacids with mg

drugs cause: - urinary retention - urinary incontinence

retention: opioids / tca incontinence = alpha blockers, diuretics, clozapine, ACh e inhbitors

durgs cause osteoporosis

steroids ppi LHRH agonsits eg: goserlin

2 drugs cause hyperNa

lithium democlocyline

what medication should be stop if intercurrent illness?

metofrmin statins gliflozins

medications worsen parkinosns disease? 3

a/p eg: haloperidol metoclopramide antidepressants

medications worsen myasthenia gravis 4

beta blockers LA abx sedating drugs

drugs worsen psoarisi

lithium bb

drugs that worsen heart failrue

CCB Nsaids pioglitzones

causes of drug induced neutropneia 2

carbimazole carbamezapine

agitaiton medication safe in PD

domperidone quietiapine

folic acid for high and low risk pregnancy

high risk = 5 mg till 12 weeks pregnancy low risk = 400mcg

when to avoid nitrofurantoin

when egfr < 45

statin and clarithryomcin mx?

stop statin

risks associated with tamoxifen? 3

endometrial cancer VTE increase efficacy fo warfarin = increse INR

ADR of metronidazole + alcohol

fulminant n&v

ADR warfarin + acute alchoo

inhibitor = increases INRI

ADR warfarin + chronic alchol

inducer = reeuce effect warfarin

interactions with statins?

clarithromycin erythromycin

ACEi and u&e?

= small rise in creatinin <20% **expected = DONT NEED INVESTGIATION OR CHANGE IN PRESCRIPTION** - REPEAT in 1 week

drug assoicated with floopy iris syndrome

tamsulosin

monitoring for amiodarone

TSH CXR LFT

Montirong for clozapine

FBC = agranuocysosis

response to pneumonia and abx?

rsponse to UTI and abx?

clinially improveing

monitoring of steroids in kids?

hiehg and weight = stunted growth

how can steroids affect neurophil count?

raised neutrophils

medications that lower neutrophil count

carbimazole clozapine

drug induced cholestasis causes 5

flufloxacillin nitrofurantoin co-amox steroids sulfonureas

3 causes of drug induced hepatitis

paraceamol steroids rifampicin

features of digoxin toxicity

confusion nausea visual halos arrthymia

features of phenyotin toxicity

gum hypertrophy ataxia nystagmus teratogeni peripheral neuropathy

example of broad spectrum abx for neutorpneia sepsis

IV tazocin

what to increase insulin by?

10%

statin management once target reached

= aim for after 3 months of treatment > 40 % reduction in HDL non

statin and raised CK?

if 5 x upper limit or muscle symptoms severe - stop treatment - symtpoms resolve restart lower dose

amiodarone + hyperThyrodisim mx?

withhold mediation

steroids affect on WCC?

RAISED wcc + NORMAL crp