notting hill

Question 1

where is notting hill?

Answer 1

western part of london

Question 2

what type of people were in notting hill?

Answer 2

carribean, irish, morrocan

Question 3

what economic contributions were made?

Answer 3

irish- pubs and construction
carribean- retail businesses and music
morrocan- small businesses and restaurants

Question 4

genres of carribean music?

Answer 4

reggae and calypso

Question 5

challenges migrants faced?

Answer 5

discrimination
housing
employment
social acceptance
language barriers

Question 6

what were the problem with housing prices?

Answer 6

limited availability

Question 7

what were the house designs?

Answer 7

victorian

Question 8

why did the irish settle in notting hill?

Answer 8

economic migration after potato famine in the 19th century

Question 9

where did the irish maintain their social identities?

Answer 9

churches and social clubs

Question 10

name 2 churches the irish went to

Answer 10

st. mary of the angels church
st. charles borromeo church

Question 11

name 2 social clubs the irish went to?

Answer 11

the irish cultural centre
the notting hill irish centre to celebrate their cultural traditions

Question 12

who played a pivotal role in shaping notting hill?

Answer 12

the windrush generation

Question 13

why did carribean migrants come?

Answer 13

rebuilding post- war britian

Question 14

when was the notting hill riots?

Answer 14

1958

Question 15

what caused the notting hill riots?

Answer 15

racial tensions in the area. Tensions between white working class residents and carribean migrants culminated in Notting Hill Riots

Question 16

when did migrants come to england on the empire windrush?

Answer 16

1948

Question 17

what did the british government encourage migration through?

Answer 17

british nationality act of 1948 which granted british citezenship

Question 18

what are HMOS?

Answer 18

Houses in multiple occupation is a property rented out by at least 3 tenants who are not from the household but they share facilities.

Question 19

why were the carribean migrants forced with HMOS?

Answer 19

-they faced discrimination
-private landlords would convert large victorian houses into multiple roomswith poor safety, overcrowding, unsanitary conditions

Question 20

who were many of these HMOs run by?

Answer 20

peter rachman

Question 21

why were houses destroyed or badly damaged?

Answer 21

the blitz hit notting hill and the houses were left unprepared because the government had other priorities

Question 22

where did wealthy people move to?

Answer 22

suburbs

Question 23

How many people lived in HMOS?

Answer 23

8-20

Question 24

Who was Peter rachman?

Answer 24

He was a notorious landlord in London during the 1950s and early 1960s, known for exploiting migrants (especially West Indian tenants) by charging very high rents for poor-quality, overcrowded housing in areas like Notting Hill.

Question 25

Who was Bruce Kenrick?

Answer 25

Who he was: Bruce Kenrick was a British housing activist and social reformer in the 20th century. He was particularly known for his work on improving housing conditions for poor and migrant communities in London during the 1950s and 1960s.

Question 26

what was the Notting Hill housing trust?

Answer 26

housing association set up in response to the housing crisis and racial discrimination faced by migrants—especially in areas like Notting Hill, London—during the 1950s and 1960s. Founded: In 1963 by Bruce Kenrick, a social reformer and Christian minister. • Why it was created: To provide safe, affordable, and decent housing for migrant and working-class families, many of whom were suffering under exploitative landlords like Peter Rachman.

Question 27

origin of portobello road?

Answer 27

Portobello Road began as a country lane in the 18th century, turning into a street market in the 1800s. • By the late 19th century, it was a traditional fruit and vegetable market, serving local working-class communities in Notting Hill.

Question 28

What does the portobello road market reflect?

Answer 28

reflects its multicultural roots, with food, fashion, music, and crafts from many cultures.

Question 29

What is All saints road?

Answer 29

• The area around All Saints Road was known for racial tension and police targeting of Black communities. • All Saints Road became a centre of Black British activism. • It was home to the Mangrove Restaurant, opened by Frank Crichlow in 1968 — a hub for the Caribbean community. • The restaurant became a symbol of resistance, especially after it was raided multiple times by police, leading to the famous Mangrove Nine trial in 1970, where activists were tried (and acquitted) for inciting a riot.

Question 30

Name mutual self help organisations

Answer 30

West Indian Standing Conference (WISC) • Set up in the 1950s to represent Caribbean migrants. • Campaigned for better housing, education, and employment rights. Pardner schemes Set up by: Caribbean migrants themselves • Purpose: To save money and support each other financially • Used for: • Paying rent • Buying furniture • Starting businesses • Sometimes even buying homes • Informal & community-based: Based on trust, no legal contracts

Question 31

what gangs were openly hostile to migrants?

Answer 31

teddy boys who attcked black migrants

Question 32

what was set up to put pressure on the local council?

Answer 32

west indian parents' and friends' association

Question 33

why were carribean migrants attracted to notting hill homes?

Answer 33

cheap rent

Question 34

what did migrants think of britian as?

Answer 34

'mother country'

Question 35

in a 1956 survey for landlords what was admitted?

Answer 35

that 9/10 would not take black lodgers

Question 36

why was peter rachman prominent?

Answer 36

coverted flats into even smaller living spaces and overcharged tenants. He controlled using threats and violence

Question 37

what did Bruce kenrick form in the early 1960s?

Answer 37

the notting hill housing trust wich raised money through donations and brought run down properties at auction. It renovated the houses and rented them out to people at reasonable prices.

Question 38

what were pardner schemes?

Answer 38

a group that would contribute a sum of money on a regular basis to put towards deposit for housing

Question 39

what can you buy in portobello road market?

Answer 39

fruit and veg from around the world

Question 40

what was the first black owned restaurant in notting hill?

Answer 40

The rio and then the mangrove

Question 41

where was the mangrove based?

Answer 41

all saints road

Question 42

what did all saints road have on it?

Answer 42

barbers, coffe bars, fruit stalls and places to b uy music/fashionable clothing. It attracted musicians and came to represent the swinging sixties.

Question 43

what was the negative reputation of all saints road?

Answer 43

illegal shebeens and the trade in illegal drugs

Question 44

describe the murder of kelso cochrane

Answer 44

2 men arrested then released police payed down the motive as robbery when it was racially motivated. as a result the coloured people's progressive association and inter-racial friendship co-ordinating council were formed to make race based violence illegal.

Question 45

black power movement held what?

Answer 45

civil rights demonstrations and marches and campaigned against police brutaility

Question 46

why did police raid the mangrove?

Answer 46

to search for drugs

Question 47

what was the mangrove nine?

Answer 47

police arresting nine people who campaigned against harrassment of invading the mangrove