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NPS - patient assessment > NPS- Pediatric Assessment > Flashcards

NPS- Pediatric Assessment Flashcards

(70 cards)

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1
Q

Explain obtunded

A

drowsy state, may have a decrease gag reflex and cough… patient should be admitted and assessed emergently

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2
Q

What is Euphoria

A

Drug overdose

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3
Q

If a patient is panicked what would you start thinking is wrong with the patient?

A

They cannot breath…. hypoxia, PTX, asthma attack

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4
Q

What are some assessments of daily living?

A

eating, dressing, walking, bathing, grooming, toilet use

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5
Q

Marasmus

A

inadequate energy intake which is normally seen in 6-18 mo

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6
Q

Kwashiorkor

A

lack of protein with normal energy intake, child will also have a protruding belly and edematous face and limbs

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7
Q

What does the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) monitor?

A

Eye opening

verbal response

motor response

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8
Q

If a patients GCS is low is that good or bad?

A

bad

13-15 high
9-12 moderate
3-8 is severe

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9
Q

A patients Glasgow coma scale is 5… what does that indicate?

A

Severe ! This isbad

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10
Q

You are trying to get a focused medical history or a patient….Using SAMPLE what is being assessed?

A

S- signs and symptoms
A- Allergies
M-Medications
P-Past medical history
L- Last meal eaten
E- Events leading to current illness or injury

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11
Q

What is subjective symptoms

A

Coming from the patient, their own opinion

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12
Q

Orthopnea

A

Difficulty breathing except when in the upright position

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13
Q

When a patient is feeling run down, nausea, weak, fatigue, headaches

A

General Malaisse

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14
Q

When a patient is feeling neusea, run down, and tired…. what should you consider?

A

electrolyte imbalance

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15
Q

Explain Dysphagia

A

difficulty swallowing and hoarseness

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16
Q

Normal WBC in pediatrics

A

5,000-10,000/mm

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17
Q

Normal Glucose in Peds

A

54-117 mg/dL

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18
Q

What is the gold standard test for cystic fibrosis

A

The Sweat Test or Sweat Chloride Test

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19
Q

Explain the Sweat Test

A
  1. Pilocarpine is injected into the skin to stimulate sweat production
  2. 2 + tests are necessary to dx. CF
  3. Normal value is <30 mmol/L
  4. CF is confirmed when value is >60 mmol/L
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20
Q

When is CF confirmed?

A

When sweat test is >60 mmol/L

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21
Q

What is used in the sweat test to produce sweat?

A

pilocarpine

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22
Q

excessive fluid in the tissue is known as what?

A

Pitting edema- ankles and feet also known as pedal edema

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23
Q

What is peripheral edema caused by?

A

fluid OL, CHF, and renal failure

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24
Q

What med is used to help with pedal edema?

A

Lasix, diuretic therapy

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25
Clubbing of fingers is caused by what?
chronic hypoxemia
26
Venous distention occurs with what?
Fluid OL and CHF
27
Erythema
Redness of the skin
28
Pectus Carinatum
Anterior protrusion of the sternum
29
Pectus Excavatum
depression of part or all of the sternum
30
Kyphosis
Hunchback or convex spinal curve
31
Scoliosis
"s" Lateral curvature of the spine
32
Kyphoscoliosis
combo of both and causes a severe restrictive impairment
33
Barrel chest
result of chronic air trapping/hyperinflation
34
What diseases most commonly result in barrel chest?
Asthma and CF
35
when would you see unequal movement in chest ?
atelectasis PTX Flail chest An intubated patient with an ETT in one lung
36
Normal RR for an infant
30-60 bpm
37
Normal RR for toddler 1-3 yo
24-40
38
normal RR for a pre-schooler 4-5 yo
22-34
39
Eupnea
Normal RR, depth, and rhythm
40
What would cause an increase in RR
fever hypoxia pain anxiety metabolic acidosis
41
Oligopnea
Decrease in RR
42
What would cause a decrease in RR
sleep (normal) drugs alcohol metabolic disorders
43
define apnea
cessation of breathing for >20 seconds
44
Explain Cheyne Stokes
gradually increasing then decreasing RR lasting from 30-180 seconds with periods of apnea in between
45
Cheyne Stokes and Biot's breathing most commonly indicates what type of injury?
brain injury/CNS problem
46
Kussmaul's
increased RR, usually over 20 bpm, with increased depth, irregular, and breathing sounds labored
47
What is the most common reason for Kussmauls breathing>
diabetic, metabolic acidosis
48
Normal HR for 1-2 yo
80-130
49
Normal HR for 2-6 yo
10-120
50
Normal HR for 6-10 yo
70-110
51
Normal HR for 10-16 yo
60-100B
52
Bradycardia indicates what?
Heart failure, shock, CODE/EMERGENCY
53
What should you do if a patients HR changes more than 20 BPM from BL during a therapy?
this is an adverse reaction STOP therapy, notify RN and MD, document in chart
54
If there is a change in rhythm what should you do?
further monitoring
55
Explain paradoxical pulse or pulsus paradoxus
pulse/BP varies with respiration and may indicate air trapping such as status asthmaticus
56
Tactile fremitus- what would cause increased transmission
consolidation PNA
57
Tactile fremitus- What would cause decreased transmission?
pleural effusion lung cysts bullae PTX
58
If a patient reports tenderness in chest or abdomen, what should you do?
further investigation
59
Bronchial breath sounds that are heard over the trachea or bronchi are considered what?
normal
60
bronchial breath sounds that are heard over the lung periphery (lower in the lungs) would indicate what?
consolidation
61
Adventitious breath sounds means what?
abnormal
62
crackles indicate what?
fluid
63
unilateral wheeze indicates what?
foreign body aspiration
64
stridor- supraglottic swelling is causes by what?
epiglottitis
65
Describe tx for stridor
1. topical vasoconstrictor ( rac epi) for swelling and edema 2. sx'ing and or bronch for secretions and foreign body aspiration 3. intubation for marked or profound swelling and epiglotisis
66
Pt has marked/severe stridor, what should be done?
intubation
67
A 1 yo BP is 70/40... is this normal or abnormal?
normal
68
A 7 yo BP is 120/80...is this normal or abnormal?
abnormal...this is high
69
Increased BP indicates what?
cardiac stress & hypoxemia
70
Decreased BP indicates what?
poor perfusion & shock

NPS - patient assessment (9 decks)

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