NRM 4301 Test Review Flashcards
(71 cards)
Step 1 of North American Model of Wildlife Management: Public Trust
Natural resources on public lands are managed by government agencies to ensure that we will have wildlife and wild place to enjoy. Est. by Supreme Court 1842.
Step 2 of North American Model of Wildlife Management: Prohibition of commerce of dead wildlife
It is illegal to sell meat of any wildlife animals.
Est. Lacy Act 1900
Step 3 of North American Model of Wildlife Management: Democratic rule of law
Every citizen has the right to help create laws to conserve and manage wildlife and their habitats.
Government agencies that manage resources provided public forums for citizens to share ideas and opinions about wildlife and their habitats.
This is through establishment, public comment, and continued revision of hunting and fishing regulations.
Step 4 of North American Model of Wildlife Management: Hunting opportunity for all
Every citizen has the right under law to hunt and fish in US and Canada.
Regardless of status, race, creed, gender or religion.
Step 5 of North America Model of Wildlife Management: Non-frivolous use
Deals with “want on waste” regulations.
If wildlife/fish are harvested, then full use of animal is law.
Cannot be harvested solely for antlers, horns, or feathers.
Max use of animal.
Step 6 of North American Model of Wildlife Management: International resources
Since wildlife and fish migrate across state, provincial, and international borders, they are international resources.
Migratory Bird Treaty of 1918, emphasized this relationship.
Step 7 of North American Model of Wildlife Management: Scientific Management
P,P,D,H, N, I, S
Applied, scientific research is essential to managing and sustaining wildlife and their habitats.
What are the 7 step of North American Model of Wildlife Management
Public Trust, Prohibition of Commerce of Dead wildlife, Democratic Rule of Law, Hunting Opportunity For All, Non-Frivolous Use, International Resources, and Scientific Management.
Lacy Act 1900
Ended market hunting.
Stopped trade of fish, wildlife, and plants that have been taken illegally.
Outlawed importation, exportation, transportation, sale or purchase of fish and wildlife taken or possessed in violation of ST, national, Indian Tribes, and international law.
Migratory Bird Act 1918
all birds are protected, unless by law, they are legal game birds.
Background to Policies/Legislation
• Wildlife conservation in the US is a partnership effort between state fish and wildlife agencies and the federal gov agencies.
- A responsibility dating back to the American Revolution and the development of our nation’s core political principles
The federal agencies play a critical role in funding:
- State-level wildlife conservation activities.
- Managing migratory species.
- Conserving habitat on federally-owned public lands
- Protects endangered and threatened species.
• Our Nation’s approach to funding fish and wildlife conservation has been predominantly a user-pays/user-benefits model:
- Fees are collected from hunters and anglers and reinvested primarily in the conservation of species that are hunted and fished.
• At the state level fish and wildlife agencies have been funded largely by
user fees and taxes paid by directly hunters and anglers:
- Relatively little funding comes from general legislative appropriation.
• The user-pay/user-benefits had been tremendously successful.
- Resulting in the recovery of many of America’s most treasured fish and wildlife species.
- Landscape-scale habitat conservation had ensured
strong waterfowl pop at the continental scale.
- Reintroduction, habitat management and harvest regulation have helped
bring species like wild turkey, stripped bass, and elf back from the brink of extinction.
• Authorize restoration the DOI to cooperate with states in:
- Wildlife restoration in selection and restoration of areas adaptable as feeding, resting or breeding places foe wildlife.
- Research into problems of wildlife management.
• States, in order for states to participate must have passed laws
for the conservation of wildlife that include agreement that license feed paid by hunters will not be diverted from agency administration of wildlife. • The law excludes enforcement and public relations activities.
Timeline Of Wildlife Management In US
E&EM, GM, E, A.
- 1965- Era of Environmental and Ecological Management
- 1930-1956 Era of habitat and Harvest (Game Management)
- 1900-1899 Era of Exploitation
- 1600-1850 Era of Abundance
Pitman-Robertson: Fed Aid to Wildlife Restoration Act
• Fed excise Tax (11%) on arms and ammo
• Cannot be diverted from wildlife
• States get money from USFWS based on land area and numbers of hunters.
• Allocated 75:25 matches (matches $3 for every $1 of license sold)
- Based upon area of the state versus the entire US (the ratio therof) and licenses sold in a state versus the entire US.
- 50% of all funds are allocated based in the ratio of the area of the state to the total US area.
- 50% of all the funds are allocated based on the state to total US ratio of number of paid hunting license holders of each state.
• No state will get 5% of the total allowable money.
• 8% of the funds are allocated for administration of this law and the Migratory Bird Conservation Act by the US DOI.
Dingell-Johnson: Fed Aid in Sport Fish Restoration Act 1950
• Provides fed aid to states for management and restoration of fish having material value in connection with sport of rec in the marine and/or fresh water of the US.
• Amendments provide finds to states for aquatic educations, wetlands restoration, boat safety, and clean vessel sanitation devices.
• Derived rom 10% tax on sport fishing tackles, and a 3% excise tax on fish finders electric trolling motors.
• Authorize the Department of the Interior (DOI) to cooperate with states on fish restoration and management provided that the state enacts a law governing conservation of fish.
- prohibits diversion of license fees from state fish and game .
• The law provides for research in fish management and culture, with marine and freshwater allocations as follows: 8% of funds are allocated to the Secretary of the Interior for
Endangered Species act 1973
- Authorize the determination and listing of species and endangered and threatened.
- Prohibits unauthorized taking, possession, sale, and transport of endangered species.
- Provides authorizes est of cooperative agreements and grants-in-aid to State the est and maintain active and adequate programs for endangered and threatened wildlife and plants.
- Authorize the assessment of civil and criminal penalties for violating the Act or regulation
- Authorize the payment of rewards to anyone furnishing info leading to arrest and conviction for any violation of the Act or any regulation issued there under, ESA
• TO be considered for listing, the species must meet in of criteria:
- There is the present or threatened destruction, modification, or curtailment of its habitat or range.
- An overutilization for commercial, recreational, scientific or ed purpose.
- The species is declining due to disease of predation
- There is an inadequacy of existing regulatory mechs.
- There are other natural or manmade factors affecting its continued existence.
