Ns Flashcards
(72 cards)
What is static friction?
The friction that prevents objects from moving.
What is kinetic friction?
The friction that occurs when an object is moving.
List the factors influencing friction.
- Surface roughness
- Type of material
- Weight of the object
What are the two types of charges in static electricity?
- Positive
- Negative
What is the difference between conductors and insulators?
Conductors allow charges to move easily, while insulators do not.
How can objects be charged by friction?
By rubbing a balloon on hair to transfer electrons.
What is conduction in terms of charging objects?
Touching a charged rod to a metal sphere transfers charge.
What is induction in the context of charging objects?
Bringing a charged object near a conductor without touching.
Define electric current.
Flow of electric charges, measured in amperes.
What is voltage?
The potential difference driving the current, measured in volts.
Define resistance.
Opposes the flow of current, measured in ohms.
What is AC?
Alternating Current, which changes direction.
What is DC?
Direct Current, which flows in one direction.
Identify the components of a circuit.
- Battery
- Resistor
- Switch
What does a battery do in a circuit?
Provides energy.
What is the heating effect of electric current?
Electric heaters use resistance to generate heat.
What is the magnetic effect of electric current?
Current-carrying wires create magnetic fields.
Describe a series circuit.
Components are connected in a single loop with the same current throughout.
How do you calculate resistance in a series circuit?
Sum up all resistances in the circuit.
Describe a parallel circuit.
Components are connected on separate branches with the same voltage across each branch.
How do you calculate resistance in a parallel circuit?
Use the reciprocal formula to find total resistance.
What is the speed of light in a vacuum?
300,000 km/s.
What does the visible spectrum consist of?
Colors from red to violet.
What is an opaque substance?
Blocks light (e.g., wood).
