NS1881

Question 1

What does the term ‘sepsis’ mean?

Answer 1

‘Sepsis’ is described as an inflammatory response to severe, life-threatening infection with the presence of organ dysfunction.

Question 2

What does the term ‘asepsis’ mean?

Answer 2

‘Asepsis’ is described as a freedom from infection or septic material, sterile.

Question 3

What does the term ‘aseptic non touch technique’ mean?

Answer 3

‘Aseptic non touch technique’, also known as ‘ANTT’ is a tool used to prevent infections in a healthcare setting.

Question 4

What does the term ‘infection’ mean?

Answer 4

An ‘infection’ is described as the invasion of an organism’s body tissues by disease-causing agents, their multiplication, and the reaction of host tissues to the infections agents and the toxins they produce.

Question 5

What does the term ‘healthcare associated infection’ mean?

Answer 5

A ‘healthcare associated infection’, also known as a ‘HAI’ are those infections that are acquired as a direct or indirect result of healthcare. HAIs are one of the most common complications affecting patients in hospital.

Question 6

What does the term ‘antiseptic’ mean?

Answer 6

An ‘antiseptic’ is a substance that stops or slows down the growth of microorganisms.

Question 7

What does the term ‘disinfectant’ mean?

Answer 7

A ‘disinfectant’ is a substance that is applied to non-living objects to destroy microorganisms that are living on the objects.

Question 8

What does the term ‘standard precautions’ mean?

Answer 8

‘Standard precautions’ are described as work practices required to achieve a basic level of infection control. Examples of standard precautions may include:

• PPE
• Cleaning and disinfection
• Regular handwashing

Question 9

What does the term ‘causative agent’ mean?

Answer 9

A ‘causative agent’ refers to the biological pathogen that causes a disease, such as a virus, parasite, fungus, or bacterium. Causative agents may also refer to a toxin or toxic chemical that causes illness.

Question 10

What does the term ‘reservoir’ mean?

Answer 10

A ‘reservoir’ is described as an infectious agent in which the agent normally lives, grows, and multiplies. Reservoirs include humans, animals, and the environment. The reservoirs may or may not be the source from which an agent is transferred to a host.

Question 11

What does the term ‘portal of entry’ mean?

Answer 11

A ‘portal of entry’ is described as a manner in which a pathogen enters a susceptible host.

Question 12

What does the term ‘eupnoea’ mean?

Answer 12

The term, ‘eupnoea’ is described as normal, relaxed breathing.

Question 13

What does the term ‘systolic pressure’ mean?

Answer 13

‘Systolic pressure’ is described as the peak pressure in the arteries during the cardiac cycle.

Question 14

What does the term ‘diastolic pressure’ mean?

Answer 14

‘Diastolic pressure’ is described as the lowest pressure at the resting phase of the cardiac cycle.

Question 15

What does the term ‘pulse pressure’ mean?

Answer 15

The term, ‘pulse pressure’, is simply described as the difference between systolic and diastolic arterial pressure and does not give information about the mean pressure. The measurement of pulse pressure can be used as an indicator of how well the human heart is working.

Question 16

What does the term ‘hypertension’ mean?

Answer 16

The term, ‘hypertension’, is described as high blood pressure, a common condition that occurs when your blood pressure, the force of the blood on the walls of human arteries, if often too high.

Question 17

What does the term ‘hypotension’ mean?

Answer 17

The term, ‘hypotension’, also known as low blood pressure, is when blood flows through the human blood vessels at lower than normal pressures.

Question 18

What does the term ‘tachycardia’ mean?

Answer 18

The term, ‘tachycardia’, is described as the excessive rapidity in the action of the heart, the term is usually applied to a heart rate above one-hundred beats per minute.

Question 19

What does the term ‘bradycardia’ mean?

Answer 19

The term, ‘bradycardia’, is described as a slower than normal heart rate. Bradycardia is considered to be a serious problem if the heart does not pump enough oxygen-rich blood to the body.

Question 20

What does the term ‘apnoea’ mean?

Answer 20

The term, ‘apnoea’, is described as a cessation (the fact or process of ending or being brought to an end) of breathing. During apnoea, there is no movement of the muscles of inhalation, and the volume of the lungs initially remains unchanged.

Question 21

What does the term ‘dyspnoea’ mean?

Answer 21

The term, ‘dyspnoea’, is defined as ‘a term used to characterise a subjective experience of breathing discomfort that consists of qualitatively distinct sensations that vary in intensity.

Question 22

What does the term ‘tachypnoea’ mean?

Answer 22

The term, ‘tachypnoea’, is defined as a respiration rate greater than normal, resulting in abnormally rapid breathing.

Question 23

What does the term ‘diastole’ mean?

Answer 23

In the cardiac cycle, the term, ‘diastole’, is a period of relaxation of the heart muscles, accompanied by the filling of the chambers with blood.

Question 24

What does the term ‘hypoxia’ mean?

Answer 24

The term, ‘hypoxia’, is defined as a condition in which tissues of the body do not receive sufficient oxygen supply.