NS_Unit 1 Drugs

Question 1

What are the Muscarinic Receptor Agonists?

Answer 1

Acetylcholine
Bethanechol
Pilocarpine

Question 2

What are the Nicotinic Receptor Agonists?

Answer 2

Acetylcholine

Nicotine

Question 3

What is Atropine?

Answer 3

Muscarinic Receptor Antagonist, that is a tertiary amine.

Question 4

What are the Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors?

Answer 4

Physostigmine
Neostigmine
Edrophonium
Organophosphates

Question 5

What is Pralidoxime?

Answer 5

Cholinesterase reactivator (antidote for organophosphate poisoning)

a type of Parasympathetic Nervous System Drug.

Question 6

Name a α1, α2, β1, β2 (nonselective) Adrenergic Agonist?

Answer 6

Epinephrine

Question 7

What is Epinephrine?

Answer 7

A α1, α2, β1, β2 (nonselective) Adrenergic Agonist. direct receptor.

Question 8

What is Norepinephrine (Levophed)?

Answer 8

a α1, α2, β1 adrenergic agonist

Question 9

Name an α1 (selective) adrenergic agonist drug?

Answer 9

Phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine)

Question 10

Name an α2 (selective) adrenergic agonist drug?

Answer 10

Clonidine (Catapres)

Question 11

Name a β1/β2 (non-selective) adrenergic agonist drug?

Answer 11

Isoproterenol (Isuprel)

Question 12

Name a β1 (selective) adrenergic agonist drug?

Answer 12

Albuterol

Question 13

Name a D1-D2 direct agonist plus indirect agonists (releasers), adrenergic agonist drug?

Answer 13

Dopamine

Question 14

What is the MOA of Pseudoephedrine?

Answer 14

Indirect agonists (releasers), adrenergic agonist

Question 15

Name a drug that is a β1 (selective) Adrenergic Receptor Antagonist.

Answer 15

Metoprolol (Lopressor)

Atenolol (Tenormin)

Question 16

Name a drug that is a α and β1/β2 Adrenergic Receptor Antagonist.

Answer 16

Labetalol (Normodyne)

Carvedilol (Coreg)

Question 17

What are the NMJ neurotoxins we learn about?

Answer 17

Botulinum toxin (Botox)

Black widow spider venom

Question 18

What is the MOA of Botulinum toxin (Botox)?

Answer 18

inhibits acetylcholine release (synaptobrevin-synaxin-SNAP 25)

Question 19

What is the MOA of Black widow spider venom?

Answer 19

increases acetylcholine release (neurexin 1- latrophilin)

Question 20

What is the MOA of the drug Atacurium?

Answer 20

NMJ competitive blocker. Isoquinoline derivatives.

a type of Nicotinic Receptor Antagonists

Question 21

What is the MOA of the drug Rocuronium?

Answer 21

a Steroid derivative, NMJ competitive blocker, Nicotinic Receptor Antagonists

Question 22

What is the MOA of the drug Succinylcholine ?

Answer 22

NMJ depolarizing blocker, Nicotinic Receptor Antagonists

Question 23

______ and ______ drugs can be used to treat asthma via ____ and ____ receptors

Answer 23

Cholinergic antagonists (M3)
Adrenergic agonists (B2)

Question 24

Bethanechol and Pilocarpine are (direct/indirect)

Answer 24

DIRECT

cholinergic agonists

Question 25

Neostigmine and Pyridostigmine are (direct/indirect) ______________

Answer 25

INDIRECT cholinergic agonists (via acetylcholine esterase inhibition)

Question 26

Edrophonium and donepezil are (direct/Indirect) _____________

Answer 26

INDIRECT cholinergic agonists (via acetylcholine esterase inhibition)

Question 27

Organophosphate nerve gases are (direct/Indirect) _____________

Answer 27

INDIRECT cholinergic agonists (via acetylcholine esterase inhibition)

Question 28

Pilocarpine can be used to treat _______ and ______

Answer 28

glaucoma and xerostomia long acting topical agent

Question 29

Urinary retention can be treated with _____ and ______

Answer 29

bethanechol and neostigmine

Question 30

antidote - used to block excessive muscarinic receptor stimulation

Answer 30

Atropine

Question 31

- salivary gland hypofunction from radiotherapy for cancer or in patients with Sjogren's syndrome - can also occur with antimuscarinic side effects

Answer 31

Xerostomia

Question 32

Pralidoxime mechanism of action and use

Answer 32

regenerates AChE --> ANTI cholinergic, increases ACh break down Prevents over-activation of NM receptors (this over-activation can cause flaccid paralysis and respiratory failure)

Question 33

Atropine and Scopolamine are (direct/indirect), (selective, nonselective) ____________ can be used to treat ______ and _______

Answer 33

direct, nonselective ANTImuscarinic drugs severe bradycardia and overdose of muscarinic agonist (e.g. organophosphate nerve gas)

Question 34

Atracurium, Rocuronium, and Succinylcholine are ________________ that act on the _____ receptor

Answer 34

``` neuromuscular blockers (N-M receptor) antinicotinic drugs ```

Question 35

Ipratropium and tiotropium are _________ and are used to treat _____ and _______

Answer 35

anticholinergic/antimuscarinic drugs asthma and COPD

Question 36

Oxybutynin and Tolterodine are __________ and are used to treat ______

Answer 36

anticholinergic/antimuscarinic drugs overactive bladder (OAB)

Question 37

Pseudoephedrine mechanism?

Answer 37

indirect acting activator of adrenergic system via release of NE at a1 receptor --> vasoconstriction (in nose, etc.)