NSAIDs

Question 1

How long does it take Carprofen to reach steady state when given orally?

Answer 1

1 hour

Question 2

How do NSAIDs cause adverse GI effects?

Answer 2

Local and systemic effects.
-Inhibition of COX-1 stimulated PGE2. PGE2 mediates bicarbonate and mucus secretion, epithelialization, and increases blood flow in the stomach/duodenum.
-Enhanced leukotriene production as arachidonic acid is shifted from the COX to the LOX pathway exacerbates damage.
-NSAIDs are weak acids, can cause direct mucosal damage

Question 3

How does carprofen cause hepatotoxicity?

Answer 3

Causes acute hepatic necrosis, idiosyncratic (not dose-dependent). 70% of afflicted animals are geriatric.

Question 4

What is tepoxalin?

Answer 4

Non-selective inhibitor of COX, also inhibits LOX.