NSAIDs Flashcards
(29 cards)
What are the effects of NSAIDs?
Analgesia, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic
True/False: NSAIDs have a narrower therapeutic window than opioids.
True
True/False: NSAIDs have a longer duration of effect than opioids.
True
What is the MOA of NSAIDs?
Inhibition of COX
When are COX-1 and COX-2 produced?
COX-1: constantly
COX-2: in response to inflammation
True/False: NSAIDs are the largest group of veterinary drugs having adverse effects.
True
What are the main side effects of NSAIDs?
GI effects (ulceration, perforation; V/D); hemostatic abnormality (inhibition of platelet function); renal impairment (if hypovolemic); hepatotoxicity; impairment of cartilage synthesis
Why are NSAIDs dangerous to use when the patient is under anesthesia?
Anesthetics cause vasodilation and hypotension –> renal damage from NSAIDs
What are contraindications of NSAIDs?
Hypovolemia, hypotension; organ diseases (liver, kidney, heart, etc.); hemostatic abnormality (some NSAIDs); pregnancy, lactation, conception (PGs keep the ductus arterioles open in the fetus); very young or very old patient; concomitant glucocorticoid therapy
What are some indications of NSAIDs?
Arthritis, cystitis, dermatitis, gingivitis, cancer, etc.
What are suitable NSAIDs for chronic therapy?
Dogs: carprofen, meloxicam, coxibs
Cats: meloxicam
How are doses calculated for chronic NSAID therapy?
Calculated for lean bodyweight; lowest dose should be given for shortest necessary duration
What type of COX inhibitor is carprofen?
Preferential COX-2 inhibitor
What are the side effects of carprofen?
Little side effects (mainly GI related); does not inhibit platelet function; renal damage is rare but possible; fatal hepatotoxicity has been reported in dogs
What are the clinical uses for carprofen?
Peri-operative analgesia; chronic therapy is allowed for dogs; not approved for cats
What type of COX inhibitor is meloxicam?
Preferential COX-2 inhibitor
What type of COX inhibitor is robenacoxib and other coxibs?
Selective COX-2 inhibitor
What are the side effects of robenacoxib?
Minimal side effects
What type of treatment is robenacoxib approved for?
Cats: post OP analgesia up to 3 days
Dogs: post OP analgesia, chronic treatment
What type of COX inhibitor is phenylbutazone?
Non-selective COX inhibitor
True/False: phenylbutazone is used in small animals.
False. Suitable for horses and cattle, but not for small animals
What are some side effect of phenylbutazone?
GI ulceration, nephrotoxicity, residues are toxic to humans
What type of COX inhibitor is flunixin meglumine?
Non-selective COX inhibitor
True/False: flunixin meglumine is suitable for horses and cattle.
True
