NSI General Flashcards by Preston may

When providing illumination for attack runs or final approach to an LZ. Flares are most effective when:

Offset from the final attack/approach heading.

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1) What visual Acuity can you achieve with Omnibus IV NVGs?
2) What is the minimum visual acuity allowed?
3) What is the visual acuity of the unaided eye at night?

1) 20/25
2) 20/30
3) 20/200 - 20/400

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IR CAS: Where should the attacking A/C be relative to the IR pointer in an urban environment?

Behind if not directly overhead of the IR pointer.

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During air taxi, excessive speed is indicative of what?

Failure to scan the abeam position.

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Heavy objects have a ___________ thermal mass and tend to exchange heat ____________.

1) High

2) Slowly

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Lightweight objects have ________ thermal mass and tend to exchange heat ____________.

1) Low

2) Quickly

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What is the best method for conducting offset lasing for a HF missile?

OFFSET to the side, then smoothly move the spot along the ground to the base of the target.

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What should aircrew do concerning their lateral separation under LLL conditions?

Decrease it.

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What bearing will allow -2 to see both the lead A/C and terrain in his flight path within the NVG FOV?

A 20 to 30 degree bearing.

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1) What is the maximum AOB recommended for a turn during NVG Escort operations?
2) What is the maximum recommended heading change between route segments during NVG Escort Operations?

1) 30 Degrees AOB

2) 60 Degrees of heading change

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What type of escort optimizes the use of the FLIR?

Detached

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During escort operations, which element of the flight should goggle first?

The escort element

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what is the preferred secondary method of joining escort and assault A/C using NVGs?

Running Rendezvous

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What position should escorts fly during LLL escort operations?

Welded Wing

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Flying ____________ may aid in visual acquisition of the assault flight.

Step-Down

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Assault A/C should use _____ ________ when calling out threats to attached escorts in a night environment.

Magnetic Heading

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M257

1) How much correction should be made for every 10 kts of wind?
2) How many meters over the ground does this correlate to?

1) 5 degrees of heading change.

2) 300 m over the ground.

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M257: 1 Degree of elevation change will increase flare altitude by how many feet?

150 feet

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What profile do you use for an M257?

1) 15 degrees pitch up
2) Rocket travels 3500m downrange
3) Rocket climbs to 1800’ above launch altitude

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What profile do you use for an M278?

1) 22 degrees pitch up
2) Rocket travels 3000m downrange
3) Rocket climbs to 2500’ above launch altitude

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1) When employing rockets in the TERF environment, what type of fire is most accurate?
2) What maneuver will further increase accuracy?

1) Running Fire

2) Low Altitude Pop

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Which employment mode of the M197 will have the least effect in terms of NVG degradation?

Fixed Forward

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The Shipboard NVG Pattern (Charlie Pattern) is flown at:

1) Altitude above water?
2) Airspeed
3) How many feet abeam the ship?

1) 300’
2) 80 kts
3) 1600’ abeam

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For initial CQ’s do you have to conduct a minimum 2 unaided landings prior to commencing initial night CQs?

No, unaided CQs are not a prerequisite for NVG CGs. You do, however, have to conduct a minimum of 2 unaided CQ’s during your initial CQs.

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What is the most difficult aspect to determine when flying a NVG shipboard approach under LLL conditions?

Closure rate.

What are the 2 most important checkpoints on a route?

First and Last checkpoint

While modern NAV equipment must be used and employed to the fullest extent possible, what remains a critical skill for pilots?

Dead Reckoning

If you must fly into a rising or setting sun/moon, how much offset should you use when zigzagging towards it?

30 degrees

What is the first thing that should be marked when preparing a map for NVG navigation?

Checkpoints

No pilot shall sign for an A/C for a night flight without having flown that model in the last ________.

15 days

How much of the sun's light does the moon reflect?

TSS Tactical Laser spot size is approximately __________ inches at 3km.

18 inches

When will the LASER fire when WOG = Ground.

Only when conducting a boresight

What is the ANSI classification of the rangefinding LASER on the TSS

Class IV

1) What mode should TSS operators use to search for and classify targets? 2) What mode should TSS operators use to see or confirm a cue pattern?

1) White hot | 2) Black hot

Which FOVs can the TSS LASER be fired in?

All FOVs

Tracer Burnout 1) M50 2) PGU

1) 1170 m | 2) 1800 - 2200m (3.2 sec)

M278 provides IR energy in: 1) What Micron Rage? 2) Time 3) Type

1) 0.7 - 1.1 Microns (Peak at 0.8) 2) 180 seconds 3) Covert

What is the nomenclature of the covert flare launched from the SUU-25F/A?

LUU-19

Define: Sparkle

JTAC marks the target with an IR pointer | Can be initiated by the JTAC or aircrew

Define: Snake

Call made by exception for the JTAC to jiggle the IR beam on the target

Define the requirements for Type 1

JTAC requires control of individual attacks JTAC must visually acquire the attacking aircraft and the target for each attack Analysis of attacking aircraft geometry is required to reduce the risk of the attack affecting friendly forces.

Define the requirements for Type 2

JTAC requires control of individual attacks and any or all of the following conditions exist: 1) JTAC is unable to visually acquire the attacking aircraft 2) JTAC is unable to visually acquire the target

Define the requirements for Type 3

JTAC requires the ability to provide clearance for multiple attacks within a single engagement and any or all of the following conditions exist: 1) JTAC is unable to visually acquire the attacking aircraft 2) JTAC is unable to visually acquire the target

T/F: The light interference filter does not provide any additional protection for the human eye.

True

In general, flying over desert terrain is similar to flying over water (without the reflection) and is best accomplished at a ________ altitude or using __________ flight techniques.

1) Higher | 2) Instrument

T/F: Obscurants such as smoke or haze impact FLIR performance much more than NVGs.

False

The "sparkling" effect over an NVG image is known as ____________.

Scintillation

For night flying, __________ should generally be the primary pilotage aid.

NVGs

T/F: Generally speaking, enroute altitudes should be flown as high as the treat will allow and still provide reference o the ground.

True

What is the advantage of using artificial illumination?

May permit the use of daylight operating procedures, flight techniques, and escort support procedures.

The helmet mounted sight has a _____ degree circular FOV.

40 degrees

All aircrew will be qualified _________ per appropriate T&R syllabus prior to commencing LLL syllabus training.

NSQ HLL

What type of points can't be used as a flight plan or route, and how many can be stored?

1) Threats | 2) 99

1) Can different NVGs be mixed in the same cockpit? | 2) The same section?

1) No | 2) Yes

T/F: Though not recommended, NVGs can correct some corrections required by glasses.

True, although they can not correct astigmatisms.

Sensor Postures: Neutral

Lead A/C's responsibility is the friendly force | -2 is responsible for scanning the obj area back to the friendly force.

Sensor Posture: Offensive

Both A/C focus on the objective

Sensor Posture: Defensive

Lead A/C's responsibility is the friendly force. | -2 is responsible for sanitizing the route directly in front of the friendly force.

What are the symbols that display in the HMSD EW display?

``` Triangle - RF Threat Christmas Tree - Missile Launch Asterisk - Laser Diamond G - HFI (10 symbols max) ```

Describe the method of initiating Precise Point via the TSS top page.

1) Input: Grid, Waypoint, Target, or threat into scratchpad | 2) Press R5

When flying extended navigation legs the ________ degree bearing is preferred, which will keep the lead aircraft within the NVGs FOV and allow for greater situational awareness.

20 degree bearing

What is the most preferred method of joining a flight under NVG conditions?

1) On Deck | 2) Running Rendezvous

What is Low Light Level

Less than 0.0022 Lux | Corresponds to a 20% moon disk, 30 degrees above the horizon.

During LLL conditions, escorts should consider _______ tactics rather than _______ principles.

1) Welded Wing | 2) Radius of Turn

T/F: In the LZ, all offensive fires, to include the door guns of assault aircraft, are under the control of the EFL until such time as they can be released to the GCE.

True

Define: Terrain Density

The number of objects on the ground that can be seen

Define: Terrain gradient

The contour of the terrain, divided into 3 broad groups: 1) Flat 2) Rolling 3) Rough

Define: Terrain Slope

The measure of the tilt of the terrain

The quality of the FLIR image depends primarily on ________.

Humidity

What is the TSS FLIR window made of?

The material of the window is proprietary, but it does have a silicon film over it.

Prereqs for NSQ

1) 2101 2) 2301 3) 2606 4) 2607

Prereqs for ANSQ

1) NSQ 2) 2700 3) 2701 4) 2702 5) 2704 6) 2705

TSS FLIR micron range.

3-5 microns

6 sources of light available on a moonless night

1) Gegensheins 2) Auroras 3) Zodiac Lights 4) Notilucent Clouds 5) Airglow 6) Starglight

1) Thermal inertial is a combo of what? | 2) What does it provide?

1) Thermal mass and thermal resistance | 2) A measure of the rate at which objects change temperature

Best profile for boresight in flight.

1) 80 - 100 kts 2) Straight and Level 3) Heading should be maintained within 2 degrees of heading at boresight initation

How long before CAS TOT should an IR mark be initiated?

20 to 30 seconds prior to TOT

What is the spectral sensitivity of the AN/AVS-9 NVGs?

1) Spectral Sensitivity: 400 - 950 nanometers 2) Peak Sensitivity: 600-900 nanometers (matches near IR energy available in the night sky) 3) Minus Blue B filter: Filters everything below 665 nm

What is the spectral sensitivity of the human eye?

400-700 nanometers

How much brighter is the moon when it is Waxing (1st quarter) vs. Waning (3rd quarter)?

20% brighter

On a moonless night, about _________ of the light is provided by emissions from atoms and molecules in the upper atmosphere known as ________.

1) 40% (0.00178) | 2) Airglow

Starlight provides ________ Lux.

0.00022

The EM spectrum FLIR operates in is beyond ______ where the background is dominated by _________.

1) 4 microns | 2) terrain self-emissions

What spectrum does the AN/AVS-9 NVG operate in?

Visible and Near IR

Define: Black Body

A perfect absorber or radiant energy

How long is a Lunar Month?

29.5 days

3 primary sources of thermal energy.

1) Fuel Combustion / Frictional Heat 2) Solar Radiation 3) Thermal Reflection

What are the 3 different twilights?

1) Civil - 6 degrees 2) Nautical - 12 degrees 3) Astronomical - 18 degrees

A FLIR's ability to detect temperature difference is referred to as:

(MRTD) | Mean Resolvable Temperature Difference

What is the most significant source of thermal reflectivity?

Water

2 most prominent factors that dictate the amount of solar radiation available on a clear day.

1) Time of year | 2) Time of day

How does Bright Source Protection work?

BSP circuitry limits the amount of electrons leaving the photocathode by reducing the voltage between the photocathode and the input side of the MCP.

Explain the function of the Automatic Brightness Control.

The ABC circuit automatically adjusts MCP voltage to maintain NVG image brightness at a preset output for a full range of ambient illumination levels by controlling the number of electrons that exit the MCP.

What does the Minus Blue Filter do?

Restricts the spectral content of energy entering the image intensifier tube below: 1) 625 nm for the Class A Filter 2) 665 nm for the Class B Filter

What can be added to NVGs to provide LASER protection?

Light Interference Filter (LIF)

The potential for __________ and ________ increases with increased head movement.

1) Disorientation | 2) Fatigue

How long does it take for NVGs to recover from degaining from a right light?

Less than 1 second

What is one of the most common misadjustments made by inexperienced aircrew when utilizing AN/AVS-9s?

Improper Inter-Pupillary Distance (IPD) | Causes post flight loss of near depth perception.

What is the Objective Lens' focal range

41 cm to Optical Infinity (beyond 150 feet)

Define: Density ( as it applies to terrain in NVD scene interpretation)

The number of objects on the ground that can be seen

What makes lights NVG compatible

When lights doe not fall within the spectral sensitivity range of the NVGs

When executing an NVG landing in a dusty landing zone, the approach should be ________ and _______.

Shallow and into the wind

1) What type of scan should you use in a dusty LZ? | 2) What do large power deviations do to the "Brown Out"

1) Close in | 2) Increase it

What is the best maneuver element size for an NVG flight?

The smallest element size capable of accomplishing the mission.

Best FLIR Gain and Level settings for: 1) Low Contrast Targets 2) Best over all 3) Heavy Fog / Dust

1) Level: Low Gain: Low to Med 2) Level: Low to Med Gain: Med 3) Level: Med Gain: Med to High

Using the IR search light provides a pilot a lighting equivalency _______ times greater than without the IR capability.

20,000 times greater

FLIR: How does a blooming effect hamper target ID in terms of shape and size?

Hotter objects tend to bloom, thereby smearing edges of objects. Making shape and relative size difficult to determine.

NSI General Flashcards

(108 cards)