Nuclear Chemistry Flashcards
(25 cards)
Most stable atoms? With np ration of 1?
First 20
What is radioisotope?
Elements with unstable nuclei
Isotope?
Atoms that have same number of protons but diff num of neutrons
Three isotopes for hydrogen
Hydrogen-1, detrerium-2, tritium-3
What does atomic number tell you?
Number of protons
What does mass number tell you?
How many protons and neutrons
Give mass number charge, and symbol for the 4 types of emission
Beta(-)= -ie, -1 charge, 0 mass
Beta(+)= +ie, +1 charge, 0 mass
Alpha= 4/2He, +2 charge, 4 mass
Gamma=¥
Penetrating power of beta(+)?
100 times
Penetration power of beta(-)?
100 times
Penetration power of gamma?
10,000
Penetrating power for alpha?
1
What happens when beta(+) is emmited?
Proton splits into neutron and a beta particle is let off.
What happens when beta(-) is emmited?
Neutron splits into proton and electron, election is let off.
Diff between chemical and nuclear reactions?
Nuclear reactions have 1 million times more energy.
What is Geiger counter?
Device used to measure radioactivity
Diff between nuclear fission and fusion?
Fission= splitting neutrons into smaller pieces Fusion= combining two nuclei to make larger piece
What is transmutation?
Changing one element into another
What are transuranium elements?
Atomic # > uranium
Type of reactions occur in the sun?
Hydrogen fusion?
Explain carbon 14 dating
Plants take in carbon 14 and 12 in the form of carbon dioxide through photosynthesis. Animals eat the plants and absorb the carbon. When the animal die, scientist compare the ration to the atmosphere.
Used for nuclear chemistry?
Radiation for cancer, radiotracers to study areas of the body, nuclear weapons and energy
How can you tell when a alpha particle be let off?
Atomic # bigger than 84
When will beta(-) be let off?
Np ration over 1.
When can you tell if beta(+)?
Np ration under 1
