Nuclear Fission

Question 1

Nuclear fission

Answer 1

Nuclear fission is the splitting up of a single heavy nucleus into two or more medium mass nuclei (of roughly equal masses) by neutron bombardment and the consequent release of a large amount of energy.

Question 2

Nuclear fusion

Answer 2

Nuclear fusion is the joining together of two or more light nuclei into a single heavier nucleus by making them collide at high speeds and the consequent release of a large amount of energy.

The Sun obtains its energy from fusion reactions where hydrogen nuclei react.

The Hydrogen bomb is an uncontrolled fusion reaction

Question 3

Environmental impact of fission reactors

Answer 3

Containment of radioactive materials within the reactor: Accidents have
occurred when cooling systems have failed releasing radioactive materials.
Example: Chernobyl in 1986

Radioactive waste: Needs to be stored safely for a long time.

Question 4

Advantages of fusion

Answer 4

far less radioactive waste and the fuel required to produce it (deuterium found in heavy water) is abundant