Nucleotides Flashcards by Luke Leshuk

Q

Structure of nucleotides

A

Pentose, base, phosphates

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Q

Pyrimidines

A

C, T, U

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Q

Purines

A

A and G

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Q

DNA

A

Anti parallel

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Q

Mutations

A

Spontaneous, external factors, chemicals

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Q

External factor mutations

A

Physical factors: uv radiation, ionizing radiation (x and gamma rays)

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Q

Chemical mutations

A

Deaminating and oxidative agents

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Q

Transcription

A

DNA TO RNA

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Q

Translation

A

RNA TO PROTEINS

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Q

Genome

A

Set of chromosomes

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Q

Chromosome

A

Grouping of DNA with many genes

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Q

Gene

A

Segment of DNA that encodes information

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Q

Cell cycle

A

Mitosis, g1, s, g2

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Q

Exons

A

Coding segments

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Q

Introns

A

Non coding segments

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Q

3 rules of DNA replication

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A

Semiconservative, bidirectional, 5’ to 3’

Q

Transcription location and enzyme

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A

Nucleus and RNA polymerase

Q

Translation 3 components and location

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A

Ribosome, genetic code, tRNA….. cytoplasm

Q

Aminoacetyl-tRNA synthases

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A

Loads amino acids with corresponding anticodons

Q

Point mutations

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A

Silent, nonsense, missense

Q

Frameshift mutations

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A

Insertion and deletions

Q

Silent

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A

Same amino acids, no effect

Q

Nonsense

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A

Changes size of polypeptide

Q

Missense

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A

Leads to a different amino acid