Nucliec acids Flashcards
What elements are present in nucleic acids?
Carbon, Hydorgen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus
Use ‘Chomp’ to remember
What is in the Nucleotide ( Repeating unit)
Pentose sugar
Phosphate group
Nitrogenous base
What is a purine
A larger base with two carbon rings.
Adenine and Guanine
What is Pyramidine
A smaller base which only has one carbon ring
Thymine - DNA only
Cytosine
Uracil - RNA only
Features of DNA
Double Helix
Double: Two polynucleotide
Helix: Coiled due to hydrogen bonding
Antiparralel
Anti: Two strands which point in opposite directons
Parralel: The distance between them is constant
Base ratio of DNA
18% Adenine and Thymine
32% Cytosine and Guanine
what is the sugar in DNA?
Deoxyribose
its missing and oxygen.
What is the function of DNA
Long term storage of genetic infomation
What are the rules of the nitrogenous bases?
Thymine and Adenine form two hydrogen bonds
Guanine and Cytosine form three hydrogen bonds
Always one Purine and one Pyramidine
This makes it stable as it would be parralel.
What is the sugar in RNA?
ribose
it has an extra OH
What are the three types of RNA
mRNA
tRNA
rRNA
What is mRNA?
whats it shape?
MessengerRNA
it carries genetic infomation from DNA. to the ribosomes for protien syntheis.
Double stranded. region.
What is tRNA?
whats it shape?
TransferRNA
Translates the code from mRNA and transfers the aminoacids to the ribosomes.
Doublr stranded region.
What is rRNA?
whats it shape?
RibosomalRNA
It makes up two subunits of RNA.
Double stranded region.
