Numbers we need to know

Question 1

Size of microadenomas

Answer 1

<1cm/10mm

Question 2

size of macroadenomas

Answer 2

> =10mm

Question 3

amt of urine to qualify as polyuria

Answer 3

3L (DI = >3L/24hr)

Question 4

Glucose levels from fasting and preprandial levels of healthy person

Answer 4

<110 mg/dL

Question 5

Glucose levels from post-prandial levels of healthy person

Answer 5

<140 mg/dL

Question 6

hypoglycemia sxs start at what levels

Answer 6

50-60mg/dL

Question 7

glucose levels for start of seizures

Answer 7

30-40 mg/dL

Question 8

Abdominal obesity ATP III criteria

Answer 8

waist circumference men >40in, women > 35 in

Question 9

Serum triglycerides ATP III criteria

Answer 9

> =150 mg/dL

Question 10

Serum HDL cholesterol ATP III criteria

Answer 10

<40 mg/dL in men and <50 mg/dL in women

Question 11

Blood pressure ATP III criteria

Answer 11

> =130/85

Question 12

Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) ATP III criteria

Answer 12

> =100 mg/dL

Question 13

pre-diabetes/impaired glucose tolerance level

Answer 13

HgbA1c 5.7-6.4%

Question 14

T2DM fasting and random plasma glucose criteria

Answer 14

fasting >126 mg/dL; random >200 mg/dL

Question 15

T2DM diagnosis for glycated hemoglobin (HgbA1c)

Answer 15

> 6.5% and confirmed by repeat testing on following day

Question 16

C-peptide levels high or low to suggest type 1 DM

Answer 16

C-peptide levels are low

Question 17

goal HgbA1c level for pediatric pt with T1DM

Answer 17

7.5%

Question 18

screening for T2DM frequency for at risk individuals

Answer 18

every 3 years, annually if 2+ risk factors

Question 19

Avg length of time of having T2DM before diagnosis

Answer 19

4-7 years

Question 20

normal range fasting plasma glucose

Answer 20

80-109 mg/dL

Question 21

normal range HgbA1c (glycated hemoglobin)

Answer 21

4-6%

Question 22

% of pts stick to their diet for DM treatment

Answer 22

<50%

Question 23

BMI overweight

Answer 23

25-29.9

Question 24

BMI obese

Answer 24

30+

Question 25

how much weight should DM lose

Answer 25

5-10% of body weight

Question 26

how much exercise should DM get

Answer 26

150min, >175 min for weight loss

Question 27

how much sleep should DM get

Answer 27

at least 7 hrs

Question 28

Initial treatment of DM if A1c> 7% but <9%

Answer 28

metformin initiated + lifestyle modification

Question 29

Initial treatment of DM if A1c>9%

Answer 29

begin dual drug therapy and consider insulin esp if symptomatic hyperglycemia

Question 30

Initial treatment of DM if A1c> 10%

Answer 30

start insulin due to glucotoxicity

Question 31

when do you add another DM treatement

Answer 31

after 3 mo if A1c still >7%

Question 32

how much does Metformin reduce A1c

Answer 32

1.5-2%

Question 33

how much does Sulfonylurea reduce A1c

Answer 33

1-2% (blood glucose [] by 20%)

Question 34

DPP-4 lower A1c by how much

Answer 34

0.5-0.7%

Question 35

SGLT2 lower A1c by

Answer 35

0.5-1% (works best when glucose isn't well controlled)

Question 36

Thiazolidieenosides lower A1c by

Answer 36

0.5-1%

Question 37

Glycemic targets for young otherwise healthy, longer duration DM/signif CVD, and severe comorbidities/short life expectancy

Answer 37

<=6.5%, <=7%, <=8% respectively

Question 38

Random Glucose level for diabetics during surgery

Answer 38

<180

Question 39

When do you screen for gestational dm

Answer 39

24-28th week of pregnancy

Question 40

A1c goal for pregnancy and when to achieve it

Answer 40

6% before conception

Question 41

Goal delivery for diabetic pregnancy

Answer 41

38-39 weeks

Question 42

LDL-C lipid high risk vs very high risk value

Answer 42

High risk: <100 mg/dL | Very high risk: <70

Question 43

TG lipid high and very high risk values

Answer 43

Both are <150 mg/dL

Question 44

Spot albumin to creatinine ratio: what is the mcg of protein for first sign of nephropathy which is Microalbuminuria

Answer 44

30-300 mcg

Question 45

Proteinuria

Answer 45

300-1000mcg

Question 46

Nephritic

Answer 46

1000-3000

Question 47

Nephrotic

Answer 47

>3000

Question 48

Must stop ACE Inhibitors and Arbs if

Answer 48

Serum creatinine >2 mg/dL | Persistent hyperkalemia >6 mEq/L