NUTR+MET+DIAG

Question 1

what are the four functions of nutrition?

Answer 1

-Allow for growth & repair
-Provide energy for body systems
-Improves metabolism (how we utilize our energy)
-Reduce risk of injury & illness

Question 2

What are the 6 essential nutrients that the human body requires

Answer 2

Carbohydrates
- Lipids
Proteins
Vitamins
Minerals
Water

Question 3

What does MEET, REDUCE, and CONTRIBUTE mean?

Answer 3

-meet your needs for vitamins, minerals a
other nutrients
• reduce your risk of obesity, type 2
diabetes, heart disease, certain types of
cancer and osteoporosis
-contribute to your overall health and
vitality

Question 4

What are MACRONUTRIENTS

Answer 4

fats (lipids), carbs and proteins (Amino
Acids) which provide the body with energy.

Question 5

What category of nutrients are WATER, MINERALS, and VITAMINS

Answer 5

Micronutrients

Question 6

What do ORGANIC nutrients contain

Answer 6

-Carbon & hydrogen

• Include carbohydrates
fats and proteins and
vitamins

• Came from *once-
  living

Question 7

What do INORGANIC nutrients contain

Answer 7

-Do not contain carbon &
hydrogen
- Include minerals and
water

Question 8

What are Carbs

Answer 8

Primary fuel source

Question 9

What are fats/lipids

Answer 9

-Contain less oxygen and water than carbs so gives a higher energy yield/production
-Are an important source of
energy at r and during low
intensity workouts

Question 10

What are the two categories of FATS

Answer 10

Solid fats = butter, lard, margarine
Liquid Fats= vegetable oils, oils

Question 11

What is CHOLESTEROL

Answer 11

A form of a lipid which is
produced by the body but can also be
consumed in our diet.

Question 12

what are the functions of PROTEINS

Answer 12

Support tissue growth, repair and maintenance.
Contain nitrogen as well as C, H2 and 02
The building blocks are amino acids

Question 13

How many cal/gram does protein provide?

Answer 13

4cal/gram

Question 14

Is water organic or Inorganic

Answer 14

Inorganic

Question 15

What are the two types of simple carbs

Answer 15

monosaccharides - single sugars
disaccharides - 2 monosaccharides bound together

Question 16

describe GLUCOSE

Answer 16

-mild sweet flavor
-known as blood sugar
-essential energy source
-found in every
disaccharide and
polysaccharide

Question 17

describe FRUCTOSE

Answer 17

-sweetest sugar
-found in fruits and honey
-added to soft drinks, cereals, desserts

Question 18

describe GALACOSE

Answer 18

-hardly tastes sweet
-rarely found
-naturally occurs as à
single sugar (mono)
-Half of what makes
up “lactose” (added
late)

Question 19

describe SUCROSE

Answer 19

• is fructose and glucose together
  -tastes sweet
• found in fruit, vegetables,
  -grains
  -table sugar is refined
  sugarcane and sugar

Question 20

describe LACTOSE

Answer 20

-glucose and galactose
-main carbohydrate in milk
known as “milk sugar”

Question 21

what are COMPLEX CARBS made out of?

Answer 21

-polysaccharides
glycogen and starch
built entirely of glucose
-fiber
variety of monosaccharides and other carbohydrate derivatives

Question 22

describe STARCHES

Answer 22

• stored in plant cells
• Long UNBRANCHED chains of glucose molecules
  -body hydrolyzes plant starch to glucose

Question 23

What is Glycogen?

Answer 23

How we store energy

Question 24

how does the term “Like Oil and Water” apply to lipids?

Answer 24

water hates fat, fats are scared of water

Question 25

what is number 1 on the food chain?

Answer 25

glucose

Question 26

what is CHO CHO CHON CHONPS?

Answer 26

Carbs, Lipids, Amino Acids, Nucleic Acids

Question 27

What are the four biological molecules? (hint: LICAPRONUC)

Answer 27

lipids, carbs, proteins, nucleic acids

Question 28

Who was william prout?

Answer 28

a urineologist who gained a understanding about the human body through chemistry

Question 29

why is it extremely difficult to avoid eating carbs?

Answer 29

1.) its our brains only source of energy 2.) carbs are in everything

Question 30

does our brain process proteins or fat?

Answer 30

no

Question 31

what are ENZYMES?

Answer 31

break down, and buildup and transports substances

Question 32

what are HORMONES

Answer 32

acts as a messenger to molecules

Question 33

where are hormones transported through?

Answer 33

blood

Question 34

what do ANTIBODIES do?

Answer 34

defend body against disease

Question 35

what are protiens made up of?

Answer 35

chains of amino acids

Question 36

how many amino acids are there?

Answer 36

20

Question 37

what are the two amino acid groups?

Answer 37

essential amino acids, non-essential amino acids

Question 38

what DENATURES proteins?

Answer 38

hydrochloric acids in the stomach

Question 39

which part of our body determines which proteins will be made?

Answer 39

our DNA

Question 40

What type of proteins are ANIMAL proteins

Answer 40

complete

Question 41

what kind of proteins are PLANT proteins

Answer 41

incomplete proteins

Question 42

what are COMPLIMENTARY proteins

Answer 42

incomplete proteins combined to provide adequate levels of essential amino acids

Question 43

what can MALNUTRITION lead to in young children?

Answer 43

impared growth, muscular atrophy, impaired brain development

Question 44

what are some HEALTH AFFECTS high protein diets can cause?

Answer 44

heart disease, kidney disease

Question 45

What are the 6 essential nutrients that the human body requires

Answer 45

Carbs, proteins, minerals, lipids, vitamins, water

Question 46

T or F only fats carbs and proteins provide the body with energy

Answer 46

T

Question 47

What are MACRONUTRIENTS made up of?

Answer 47

fats carbs proteins

Question 48

What are MICRONUTRIENTS made up of?

Answer 48

water, minerals, vitamins

Question 49

What is the Glycemic index

Answer 49

A way of classifying food according to their ability and what raise blood glucose

Question 50

Where are carbs lipids and proteins broken down in the body?

Answer 50

Carbohydrates are broken down in the mouth and small intestine, lipids (fats) are broken down primarily in the small intestine, and proteins are broken down in the stomach and small intestine through the action of digestive enzymes.

Question 51

How does a lactose intolerance work

Answer 51

When more lactose is consumed rather than can be digested, lactose molecules attract water causing bloating

Question 52

What percentage of the body’s glycogen is stored in the liver?

Answer 52

1/3rd

Question 53

What are KETONE BODIES

Answer 53

fat fragments

Question 54

what is the minimum of grams of carbs/day are needed to avoid KETOSIS

Answer 54

50-100

Question 55

What moves glucose into the blood?

Answer 55

Insulin

Question 56

What does glucagon do?

Answer 56

Brings glucose out of storag e

Question 57

What are TRIGLYCERIDES

Answer 57

fats and oils

Question 58

Name 5 functions of fat in the body

Answer 58

1.) energy source 2.) serves as an energy reserve 3.) major component of cell membranes 4.) nourishes skin and hair 5.) insulates the body from extreme temperatures

Question 59

How many calories does 1 lb of body fat contain

Answer 59

3555

Question 60

What are the essential fatty acids

Answer 60

vitamins A,D,E,K

Question 61

what is TETIARY CARE

Answer 61

specialty hospitals or regional centers with expert specialty care

Question 62

define a CALORIE

Answer 62

amount of energy needed to raise the temp of 1 kg of water by 1°C

Question 63

What are the 4 medical diagnostics people discovered

Answer 63

Divinity-4humours-miasma theory-germ theory

Question 64

What is the Definition of Diagnosis?

Answer 64

Dia: meaning completely gnosis: meaning to know the process of determining the nature of a disease or disorder and distinguishing it from other possible conditions

Question 65

what are the three G's?

Answer 65

glucose, glycogen, glucagon