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Health and Human > Nutrients > Flashcards

Nutrients Flashcards

(39 cards)

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1
Q

What is the primary function of carbohydrates?

A

Provide fuel for the body by being broken down into glucose and stored as glycogen.

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2
Q

List four food examples that are high in carbohydrates.

A
  • Vegetables
  • Rice
  • Bread
  • Pasta
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3
Q

What can overconsumption of carbohydrates lead to?

A
  • Diabetes
  • Heart disease
  • High cholesterol
  • Weight gain
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4
Q

What are the consequences of underconsumption of carbohydrates?

A
  • Digestive problems
  • Fatigue
  • Mood changes
  • Nutrient deficiencies
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5
Q

What is the main function of fats?

A

Provide fuel for the body and are required for the development and maintenance of cell membranes.

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6
Q

List four food examples that are high in fats.

A
  • Avocado
  • Cheese
  • Meat
  • Chocolate
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7
Q

What can overconsumption of fats lead to?

A
  • Diabetes
  • Heart disease
  • Weight gain
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8
Q

What are the consequences of underconsumption of fats?

A
  • Dry skin
  • Hair loss
  • Weakened immune system
  • Malnourishment
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9
Q

What is the primary role of protein in the body?

A

Build, maintain and repair body cells and act as fuel for energy.

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10
Q

List four food examples that are high in protein.

A
  • Eggs
  • Chicken
  • Legumes
  • Nuts
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11
Q

What can overconsumption of protein lead to?

A

Energy can be stored as fat tissue and contribute to obesity.

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12
Q

What are the consequences of underconsumption of protein?

A
  • Lack of energy
  • Inability to consume the right amino acids
  • Affects digestive system
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13
Q

What is the importance of water for the human body?

A

Essential for health, making up 50%-70% of the body and maintaining well-being.

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14
Q

List four food examples that are high in water content.

A
  • Watermelon
  • Orange
  • Cucumber
  • Carrot
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15
Q

What can overconsumption of water lead to?

A
  • Intoxication
  • Nausea
  • Vomiting
  • Bloating
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16
Q

What are the consequences of underconsumption of water?

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A
  • Dehydration
  • Fatigue
  • Low energy
  • Headaches
17
Q

What is Vitamin C essential for?

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A

Forming blood vessels, cartilage, muscle, and collagen in bones.

18
Q

List four food examples that are high in Vitamin C.

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A
  • Potatoes
  • Broccoli
  • Oranges
  • Strawberries
19
Q

What can overconsumption of Vitamin C lead to?

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A
  • Gastric distress
  • Nausea
  • Diarrhea
  • Abdominal cramps
20
Q

What are the consequences of underconsumption of Vitamin C?

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A
  • Scurvy
  • Fatigue
  • Weakness
  • Bleeding gums
21
Q

What is the role of Vitamin D in the body?

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A

Essential for absorbing calcium, maintaining strong bones, and supporting immune function.

22
Q

List four food examples that are high in Vitamin D.

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A
  • Oily fish
  • Egg yolk
  • Mushrooms
  • Cheese
23
Q

What can overconsumption of Vitamin D lead to?

Study These Flashcards
A

Serious harm, including skin cancer.

24
Q

What are the consequences of underconsumption of Vitamin D?

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A
  • Weak bones
  • Higher risk of fractures
  • Problems with overall body function
25
What is the function of iron in the body?
Related to oxygen transport, energy production, and brain muscle functions.
26
List four food examples that are high in iron.
* Lean red meat * Leafy greens * Eggs * Nuts
27
What can underconsumption of iron lead to?
Anemia, resulting in tiredness and weakness.
28
What can overconsumption of iron lead to?
Hemochromatosis, causing buildup in organs.
29
What is the primary function of calcium?
Building bones and reducing the risk of osteoporosis.
30
List four food examples that are high in calcium.
* Dairy * Leafy greens * Fish * Fortified orange juice
31
What can underconsumption of calcium lead to?
Weakened bones and osteoporosis.
32
What can overconsumption of calcium lead to?
Hypercalcemia, resulting in exhaustion.
33
What is sodium's role in the body?
Regulates water distribution, controls blood pressure, and enables nerve and muscle function.
34
List four food examples that are high in sodium.
* Table salt * Bacon * Cheese * Sausage
35
What can underconsumption of sodium lead to?
Hyponatremia, inadequate fitness.
36
What can overconsumption of sodium lead to?
* High blood pressure * Heart disease * Osteoporosis * Kidney problems
37
What is the function of folate in the body?
Helps cells grow, form red blood cells, and support brain development.
38
List four food examples that are high in folate.
* Leafy greens * Legumes * Citrus fruits * Fortified breakfast cereals
39
What can underconsumption of folate lead to?
* Fatigue * Birth defects * Growth problems * Increased risk of cardiovascular disease

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