nutrients

Question 1

function of carbohydrates

Answer 1

to provide energy for the body

body’s preferred fuel is carbohydrates ~ 16kj per gram

Question 2

function of fibre (CHO)

Answer 2

to promote healthy digestion,regulate blood sugar and reduce cholesterol levels .

improves waste removal

Question 3

function of protein

Answer 3

build,maintain and repair body cells (muscles)- crucial during youth development

acts as a backup energy source
1g= 17kj of energy

Question 4

function of fats

Answer 4

the main function of fats is as a fuel for energy

fats are very energy dense 1g= 37kj of energy

Question 5

function of monounsaturated fats

Answer 5

lowers LDL cholesterol and reduce cardiovascular disease

Question 6

functon of polyunsaturated

Answer 6

lowers LDL increases HDL, improves blood vessel elasticity,reduce heart attack/stroke risk

Question 7

function of trans fats

Answer 7

can increase LDL cholesterol and decrease HDL cholesterol increasing risk of cardiovascular disease

Question 8

function of saturated fats

Answer 8

solid at room temp, increases LDL cholesterol, contributes to cardiovascular disease

Question 9

describe the role of cholesterol in the body

Answer 9

cholesterol plays a crucial role in maintaining body functions,including building and repairing cells, producing hormones, and assisting in digestion

Question 10

what does LDL stand for

Answer 10

low density lipoproteins (bad cholesterol)

Question 11

what does HDL stand for

Answer 11

high density lipoproteins (good cholesterol)

Question 12

what is atherosclerosis

Answer 12

atherosclerosis is the buildup of fats, cholesterol and other substances in and on the artery walls causing buildup of plaque(blockage)

Question 13

function of sodium

Answer 13

sodium regulates fluid balance in the body

maintains fluid balance between cells (intracellular) and outside cells (extracellular)

fluid is drawn to it, influencing fluid and blood levels

Question 14

function of calcium

Answer 14

calcium is crucial for maintaining strong bones and teeth, and also plays vital roles in blood clotting,nerve function, muscle contraction and heart rhythm.

Question 15

function of iron

Answer 15

iron is essential for blood production and oxygen transport.

increased iron needs during youth due to blood volume, growth and menstruation in females

Question 16

function of vitamin D

Answer 16

Helps absorb calcium

is created in the body when humans skin is exposed to UV rays.

Question 17

function of folate (vitamin B9)

Answer 17

folate is required for DNA synthesis. DNA must replicate in order for new cells to be created.

Question 18

function of vitamin C

Answer 18

vitamin C is a key component of collagen which is required to form skin tendons, ligaments and blood vessels. it also assists in healing wounds and forming scar tissue

Question 19

what is hypertension

Answer 19

hypertension or high blood pressure, occurs when the force of blood against the artery wall is too high.

Question 20

high blood cholesterol

Answer 20

a condition where there are excessive amounts of cholesterol in blood. cholesterol is a waxy, fat like substance that is essential for building healthy cells. too much leads to a buildup of plaque in the arteries.

Question 21

dehydration

Answer 21

dehydration is a result of an imbalance between fluid intake and fluid loss

Question 22

fatigue

Answer 22

fatigue is a state of mental and/or physical exhaustion that reduces the