Nutrients Flashcards
What is the function of protein ?
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Growth of body cells and tissue
Repair and maintenance of tissue
Secondary source of energy
What is the deficiency of protein
Is it rare
Is rare in the Developed world 🌎
Kwashiorkor Disease caused by a lack of proteins
It is common in children of poor countries symptoms are poor growth spurt water retention heir loss and infections
What is the Exess of protein
The kidneys and liver are overworked and it can lead to weight gain as it is stored in fat
Explain the difference between low biological value protein and high biological value protein
From mainly animals e.g. fish meat dairy and egg but they are also found in soya
High biological value protein have an eight of all different essential amino acids
Low biological value protein is a missing one or two amino acids they are found in plant-based foods e.g. beans pulses nuts and seeds
What are the sources of protein
Beans pulses nuts seeds cereals meat fish dairy egg milk soya beans quinoa and corn
What is meant by protein complementation
Eating eating together you will get all essential amino acids this is called protein complementation been slack one amino acid and so it does bread put together you get all all amino acids
Examples of this are beans on toast and rice and peas
How many amino acids are there total
There are 20 total amino acids
What is the function of fat
Fat is a concentrated source of energy
1 g of fat is 9 kcal
it makes body cells
it is used for installation and protecting organs provides fat soluble vitamins A,D,E,K
provides essential fatty acids omega three and omega six
What happens if you have a deficiency of fat
Will result in weight loss
Loose protection from heart diseases
not enough omega three and six
underweight
What happens if you have an excess of fat
Too much bad cholesterol and saturated fats
can build up in arteries
you’ll put on weight
it can lead to diabetes
Which food contains fat
Omega 3 Is in oily fish seeds and green leafy veg 🥬
omega six is in veg grains seeds and chicken 🍗
Visible fats and oils I found in lamb and pork marbling on meat and butter
Invisible fats and oils are found in pastries cakes sources and gravy
What is hydrogenation
Hydrogenation
is when vegetable oils a hardened to make them solid at room temperature at this allows loyal to me made into solid facts reds and used to make pastries cakes and 🍪
What percent of energy should be provided by fat
35%
What percent are you energy intake should come from saturated fat
11%
What happens when unsat fat is hydrogenated
When fats are hydrogenated the double bonds become single bonds to the carbon atoms are saturated
What happens if you have a deficiency of carbohydrates
You will not have enough fibre it will lead to constipation and possibly bowel cancer
If you don’t have enough starch it could lead to using your protein as your energy
What is the function of carbohydrates
Carbohydrates are And energy source made by plants during photosynthesis this plant energy provides human energy when Ethan
providing energy and acting as a protein sparrow sugars are quick release energy
starch are slow release energy
fibre helps digestive systems and helps weight control and prevent diseases and reduces cholesterol
Why is Soluble fibre important
Sorry for fibre slows down the digestions and absorbs cards it helps stop feeling hungry and reduces cholesterol
Why is insoluble fibre important
Insoluble fibre passes through the body unchanged
What food contains sugar
Sugars are the simplest form of carbohydrates you can have monosaccharides (single) disaccharides (doubled )
simple sugars include: glucose in fruits and vegetables fruictose in fruit and honey
double sugar include :sucrose shop sugar e.g. granulated sugar
lactose in milk yoghurt and cream
maltose and cereals
sugars that are added to food or found outside the cell structures are called free sugars e.g. Caster sugar granulated sugar ecs
fruit juices are free sugar
Where are solid fat found
In butter lard and suet
Where are liquid fats found
All of oil rapeseed oil sunflower oil and vegetable oil
Where are starch’s found
Is the main food source implants picketing is found naturally in some fruits which helps Jam to set glycerin stored in the liver
Where is dietary fibre found
Soluble dietary fibre is found in out and
insoluble dietary fibre is found in brown rice
Which nutrients are macro nutrients
Protein
Carbohydrates
Fat
What is the name for b9
And what is it in
Folic acid
Fortified cereals
Brocilli
Brussels sprouts
Chickpeas
What is the excess and deficiency of B9
Exess-none recorded
Deficiancy- spina bifida in unborn babies
What is the function of b9
Reduces butch defects in unborn babies
Forms healthy red blood cells
What is the excess and deficiency of B9
Excess-none recorded
Deficiency- spina bifidia
What is the excess and deficiency of b9
Exess-none recorded
Deficiancy- spina
Which foods contain vitamin K
Vitamin K is found in green things e.g. beans broccoli and spinach vegetable oils and cereals
What is the deficiency and excess of vitamin K
Deficiency is rare signs of deficiency is easy bruising and bleeding for ages
There are no affects of Exess
What is the function of vitamin K
Its function is making the blood clot and maintaining bone health
What food contains vitamin E
Sunflower oil olive oil soil cereals nuts and egg
What is the Exess and deficiency of vitimen e
Deficiancy =rare
Exess =loss of apitite
What Is the function of vitamin E
It is an antioxidant so it protects the body and is used in the formation of blood cells
What is the fancy name for B3
Niacin
