Nutrients and Oral Health

Question 1

Where are the earliest signs of nutritional disorder found?

Answer 1

oral cavity

Question 2

What is the turnover time for oral soft tissue?

Answer 2

3-7 days

Question 3

What does swollen/bleeding gums indicate?

Answer 3

Vitamin C deficiency

Question 4

What does Cheliosis, angular stomatitis indicate?

Answer 4

Riboflavin, vitamin B6 iron deficiency

Question 5

What does glossitis indicate?

Answer 5

Folate, niacin deficiency

Question 6

What does inflamed/sore tongue indicate?

Answer 6

Riboflavin, niacin, B6/B12, iron deficiency

Question 7

What does Xerostomia (dry mouth) indicate?

Answer 7

Diabetes Mellitus

Question 8

What does a taste perception change indicate?

Answer 8

vitamin A deficiency

Question 9

What does dysphagia (difficult swallowing) indicate?

Answer 9

iron deficiency

Question 10

______ is a pattern of individual food intake, eating habits, and kinds and amounts of foods eaten

Answer 10

diet

Question 11

______ :science of how the body uses food; physical and biological activity necessary to maintain life

Answer 11

nutrition

Question 12

_____: Chemical components of foods

Answer 12

nutrients

Question 13

What are essential nutrients?

Answer 13

must be provided by diet, body cannot synthesize

Question 14

What are non essential nutrients?

Answer 14

can be eliminated from diet without adverse consequences

Question 15

______: definition of nutrient undergoing major reassessment; phytochemicals are biologically active compounds found in food

Answer 15

non nutrients

Question 16

What are your macro nutrients?

Answer 16

protein, carbohydrate, fat

Question 17

What are your micro nutrients?

Answer 17

vitamins, minerals

Question 18

What are 3 non nutrients?

Answer 18

organic chemical compounds, non-nutritive sweeteners, phytonutrients

Question 19

What are non-nutritive sweeteners?

Answer 19

sugar substitutes, stevia,agave (cariostatic sugar substitutes)

Question 20

What are phytonutrients?

Answer 20

non-nutrient plant chemicals that contain protective, disease preventing compounds

Question 21

______ are available in food supply that are thought to enhance health but are not essential to life. A type of non nutrient

Answer 21

organic chemical compounds

Question 22

What is the largest source of protein?

Answer 22

muscle

Question 23

_____ is unique to amino acids

Answer 23

nitrogen

Question 24

• ______ is the 2nd largest energy source for body after adipose tissue

Answer 24

protein

Question 25

What structural role does protein play in the oral cavity?

Answer 25

for collagen

Question 26

Protein plays a role in _____ and ____ access to other molecules

Answer 26

binding and controlling

Question 27

What are dispensable(non essential) amino acids?

Answer 27

human beings can make more than 1/2 of the amino acids required through carbs or other metabolic intermediates

Question 28

What are indispensable(essential) amino acids?

Answer 28

9 of 20 amino acids cannot be made my body, derived from food

Question 29

What is RDA of protein for adults?

Answer 29

• Healthy adults: RDA is 0.8 g/kg (higher needs for infants, children, and pregnancy)

Question 30

What percent of calories obtained from proteins?

Answer 30

15%

Question 31

What does protein deficiency in the 1st year of life lead to?

Answer 31

• PROTEIN DEFICIENCY IN 1ST YEAR OF LIFE LEADS TO DELAYED PRIMARY TOOTH ERUPTION, DELAYED LOSS OF PRIMARY TEETH

Question 32

What are the implication of proteins to dentistry?

Answer 32

growth and development of oral tissues and structures, increase susceptibility to infections, excess can reduce calcium retention

Question 33

What is the primary source of energy for body metabolism?

Answer 33

carbohydrates

Question 34

Carbohydrates are essential for _______ tissues functions

Answer 34

brain and nervous

Question 35

Carbohydrates are used to spare _____

Answer 35

protein

Question 36

Which are better for oral cavity: complex or simple carbs?

Answer 36

complex

Question 37

Carbs are Required for proper _____ metabolism

Answer 37

fat

Question 38

examples of Carbs as Structural compounds in the body

Answer 38

(chondroitin sulfate, foundation for collagen)

Question 39

Fiber is used for energy T/F

Answer 39

false

Question 40

Why is fiber important in the oral cavity?

Answer 40

promotes salivary gland production

Question 41

Fiber stimulates the ____ tract

Answer 41

GI

Question 42

Why is saliva important?

Answer 42

maintains oral pH, pushes away sticky product, has enzyme that protects oral cavity

Question 43

Fats are _____ dense. a major source of ____

Answer 43

calorically, energy

Question 44

Fats maintain

Answer 44

body insulation, temperature

Question 45

which fats are used for hydrogenation used to turn polyunsaturated FA into more spreadable products, many animal products, risk for CVD?

Answer 45

saturated fatty acids

Question 46

Monounsaturated fatty acids are recommended for ____

Answer 46

heart health

Question 47

where are monounsaturated acids found?

Answer 47

olive, canola, peanut oil, almonds, avocado

Question 48

What are the 2 classes of polyunsaturated fatty acids?

Answer 48

omega 3, omega 6

Question 49

Omega 3 is considered an _____

Answer 49

anti inflammatory

Question 50

Trans fatty acids are chemicals. T/F

Answer 50

True

Question 51

Body can manufacture all cholestrol needed

Answer 51

True

Question 52

How much cholesterol comes from diet?

Answer 52

1/3

Question 53

Fats Have ______ effect due to antibacterial properties

Answer 53

cariostatic

Question 54

Fats add what to tooth surface?

Answer 54

protective layer

Question 55

What do omega 3 and 6 benefit?

Answer 55

periodontal disease

Question 56

which minerals are for Bone/teeth, muscle and nerve function?

Answer 56

i. Calcium: ii. Magnesium iii. Phosphorus iv. Fluoride

Question 57

which minerals are for fluid balance?

Answer 57

i. Chloride ii. Potassium iii. Sodium

Question 58

What else does Calcium do?

Answer 58

regulation of ion transport, muscle/nerve activity, aids in blood coagulation, enzyme cofactor, synthesis and release of neurotransmitters