Nutrients And Organic Compunds

Question 1

Our bodies need how many elements?

Answer 1

About 25 elements for normal growth.

Question 2

What are the 3 most common chemical elements in living things.

Answer 2

Carbon (C), oxygen (O), and hydrogen (H)

Question 3

All living things need what to survive?

Answer 3

Nutrients

Question 4

Nutrients are what?

Answer 4

Elements and compounds that organisms need for living, growing, and reproducing.

Question 5

What do the common chemicals form?

Answer 5

They make up the complex molecules that form sugar, starch, fat, oil, wax, and proteins.

Question 6

What are organic compounds?

Answer 6

Complex molecules that contain carbon.

Question 7

What is an example of organic compounds (and contain many different ones)?

Answer 7

Fossil fuels (petroleum, natural gas, and coal) are examples of substances that contain many different organic compounds.

Question 8

What are inorganic compounds?

Answer 8

Substances that do not contain carbon

Question 9

What is an example of inorganic compounds?

Answer 9

Baking soda and the mineral quartz are examples of inorganic compounds.

Question 10

What can organic molecules be?

Answer 10

Very large and complex.

Question 11

What are macronutrients?

Answer 11

They are needed in relatively large amounts, (“macro-” means large).

Question 12

What are micronutrients?

Answer 12

Are needed in only minor or trace amounts, (“micro-” means very small).

Question 13

Too much of what can cause harmful health effects?

Answer 13

Anything really, but micronutrients and selenium.

Question 14

Selenium, like most other substances, should be available in our diets in what?

Answer 14

Optimum amounts.

Question 15

What is the optimum amount of a substance

Answer 15

It is the amount that provides an organism with the best health.

Question 16

Plants obtain what?

Answer 16

The nutrients carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen from air and water. They get nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, calcium, and sulfur from the soil. (all 9 are essential for normal growth)

Question 17

Four important classes of organic compounds are what?

Answer 17

Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.

Question 18

When we eat food such as pasta, rice, potatoes, fruits, and bread, we are eating what?

Answer 18

Carbohydrates.

Question 19

Known as macromolecules, how many are there and what are they?

Answer 19

Four macronutrients and they make up all living things.

Question 20

Comprised mainly of (acronym)

Answer 20

CHNOPS

Question 21

Carbohydrates are organic molecules made up of atoms of which? (hint of them 3)

Answer 21

Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.

Question 22

Are carbohydrates simple of complex sugars?

Answer 22

Simple sugars.

Question 23

Fats, oils, and waxes are what?

Answer 23

Lipids.

Question 24

What are lipids?

Answer 24

Compounds composed of many carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms.

Question 25

Example of lipids in people? 

Answer 25

Our skin produces oils, and our bodies store food in the form of fat. 

Question 26

Example of lipids in plants? 

Answer 26

Plant products such as canola seeds, corn, peanuts, soybeans, walnuts, and cashews contain large amounts of oils.

Question 27

Glucose is what?

Answer 27

A simple sugar made by green plants in photosynthesis.

Question 28

Foods such as meat, fish, eggs, and dairy products add what to our diet? 

Answer 28

Proteins

Question 29

How are proteins used by organisms?

Answer 29

For growth and repair, and as a source of energy. 

Question 30

Proteins are the main component of what?

Answer 30

Enzymes. 

Question 31

Enzymes are what?

Answer 31

Catalysts that control chemical reactions in organisms.

Question 32

A protein is an organic compound made up of what?

Answer 32

Units called amino acids. 

Question 33

What are the largest and most complicated molecules found in living things? 

Answer 33

Nucleic acids.

Question 34

All cells contain two important nucleic acids which are what?

Answer 34

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). 

Question 35

DNA and RNA are made up of three substances. What are they? 

Answer 35

Phosphates, a simple sugar called ribose, and nitrogen-containing molecules. 

Question 36

Nucleic acids play a major role in what?

Answer 36

Hereditary and in controlling a cell’s activities.