Nutrients Etc Flashcards
(56 cards)
Why do animals eat?
To…
•get energy for movement and heat production
•get a layer of fat to stay warm
Whats the major nutrients?
- fats
- carbohydrates
- protein
- vitamins
- minerals
- water
Whats a macronutrient?
Fat, carbs and protein
Whats a micronutrient?
Vitamins and minerals
What are carbohydrates?
Organic compounds that contain the elements carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.
Are carbs pro dominantly vegetable?
Yes except blood glucose, glycogen and milk lactose
How much calories do carbs form in some diets?
50%
Surplus:
Glucose is converted to glycogen and stored in the liver and muscle
What do carbs do?
Adds texture ti a diet and can increase the palatibiluty of a ration.
Adds bulk to aid peristalsis
Examples of monosaccharides:
Glucose, galactose and fructose.
Whats the building blocks of carbs?
Glucose and fructose
Whats a condensation reaction?
When water is removed
What does a condensation reaction make?
A disaccharide
Whats the equation for glucose?
C H O
6 12 6
Whats a disaccharide?
Two monosaccharides joined tigether by a condensation reaction.
Examples of a disaccharide?
Maltose, lactose and sucrose
Whats a polysaccharide?
Many monosaccharides joined together.
Theyre complex carbohydrates so take longer to digest.
How are polysaccharides structurally?
Very strong
Examples of polysaccharides?
Starch, glycogen and cellulose
Whats fibre?
The indigestible element of a carbohydrate diet.
Usually plant content.
Ruminents can digest the fibrous content of diet providing:
- water holding capacity-prevents constipation
- nutrition absorption-influences movement through gut
- full stomach feeling
Where are proteins found?
In concentrated form in animal products. E.G. meat, fish, dairy and some veg products like cereal,gluten,lentils,soya,peas and beans
Whats are proteins?
Molecules nade up of amino acids
Proteins are…
Essential amino acids. They cant be made by the body and must be in the diet.
