Nutrition 1 past questions Flashcards by Nicola Cummins

The required N:S proportion in daily ration of dairy cows is

a: 20:1
b: 15:1
c: 10:1
d: 7:1

c: 10:1

In sheep it is 7:1 (in beef cattle 15:1).

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Statement is valid for the sulphur containing amino acids

a: Cys is synthesised from met
b: Met is synthesised form Ala
c: Lys is synthesised from met
d: Met is synthesised form Lys

a: Cys is synthesised from met

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Plays an important role in cartilage formation

a: I
b: S
c: Co
d: Mn

d: Mn

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Dietetic effect of CF
a: slows passage
b: makes passage faster
c: Converted in the rumen to acetic acid
Converted in the rumen to propionic acid

b: makes passage faster

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One of its physiological functions is the Defence of Membranes

a: Cu
b: Se
c: F
d: K

b: Se

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Use of B-glucanase supplementation can be advantageous

a: In oat based horse meal
b: In barley based poultry diets
c: In silage fed dairy cows
d: In cats diet enriched with liver

b: In barley based poultry diets

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Supply of this element in dairy cows can be well evaluated according to the conc in milk

a: Sodium
b: Iodine
c: Iron
d: Manganese

b: Iodine

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According to Proximate analysis, this i determined by simple calculation

a: Ash
b: NFE
c: EE
d: CF

b: Nitrogen Free extract

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If too much Calcium is given during the dry period for dairy cow

a: More Phosphorous must be given than req, to maintain optimum Ca:P ratio
b: P should only be given according to requirement
c: More Na must be given because Na deficiency can limit milk production
d: Enhanced Vit D supplementation is required

b: P should only be given according to requirement

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Mice with ob/ob gene, obese due to

a: insufficient leptin production
b: Over production of leptin
c: Insufficient # of leptin receptors
d: Too many leptin receptors

a: insufficient leptin production

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This animals protein requirements is expressed in CP

a: Rabbit
b: Goat
c: Turkey
d: Dairy cow

c: Turkey

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According to the protein evaluation system for Ru

a: Each feed has 1 metabolisable protein value
b: Each feed has 2 metabolisable protein value
c: Only the forages have 2 metabolisable protein values
d: Only the forages have 1 metabolisable protein value

b: Each feed has 2 metabolisable protein value

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Symptom of its def is disturbed contraception in heifers and cows

a: Vit C
b: Niacin
c: B-carotene
d: Vit E

c: B-carotene

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Energy req for beef cattle: NEm and NEg because

a: Conversion of NEm to NEg is worse than in dairy cows
b: Efficiencies of conersion btwn ME-NEm and ME-NEg are different
c: Conversion of “q” value to NEm and NEg are different
d: Hartel formula, 2 different “q” values are used

b: Efficiencies of conersion btwn ME-NEm and ME-NEg are different

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Can be calculated if digestibility coeff is known

a: amount of digestible nutrients
b: Amount of Metabolisable nutrients
c: Amount of endogenous protein lost
d: Amount of uriniary nutrients lost

a: amount of digestible nutrients

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In extra doses, This vit used to help prevent osteoporosis in humans
a: A
b: D
c: E
d K

d: Vitamin K

Not sure if correct

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Iron level is low in sows milk because

a: mammary gland cannot excrete Iron
b: Iron is and anti-vit E
c: Prevent mastitis
d: Piglets can get it from dams faeces

c: Prevent mastitis

To prevent MMA (mastitis, metritis and agalactiae)

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Pantothenic acid def can cause:

a: Poultry: “cage layer faigue”
b: Poultry “descending dermatitis”
c: Calf: issues with cartilage development
c: Cow: alimentary sterility

b: Poultry “descending dermatitis”

Different in Ida’s

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Plays an important role in the shprt term control of feed intake in ruminants

a: Blood glucose level
b: Blood VFA level
c: Both
d: Neither

b: Blood VFA level

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Biological value (BV) calculation

a: Retained N/N intake
b: Retained N/ absorbed N
c: Faecal N/absorbed N
d: Urinary N/N intake

b: Retained N/ absorbed N

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The INQ value of Liver in humans is 100; it means that

a: Liver contains 100x more energy than Vit A
b: Liver contains 100x more Vit A than energy
c: Related to human requirements, liver is 100x better source of Vit A than energy
d: Related to human requirements, liver is 100x better source of energy than Vit A

c: Related to human requirements, liver is 100x better source of Vit A than energy

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Blood serum level of B-carotene is a good indicator of overall levels in which species?

a: Cattle
b: Cattle and sheep
c: Cattle, sheep and goats
d: Cattle, sheep, goats and pig

a: Cattle

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In this case, anion-cation balance of feed is important

a: Dry cow
b: Lactating cow
c: Both
d: Neither

c: Both

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Deficiency of this Vitamin causes encephalomalacia in poultry

a: Vit K
b: Vit E
c: Vit U
d: Biotin

b: Vit E

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Onset of sexual maturity has a strong correlation with a: Age b: Body weight c: Body surface d: Metabolic body surface

b: Body weight

Abortion can be caused by a: Phyto-oestrigens b: F2 toxin c: Both of them d: Neither

c: Both of them

Acid-base balance of the organism, the more intensive the metabolism of the animal a: The more acidic compounds will be produced b: The more alkaline compounds will be produced c: The better will be the balance between the acid and alkaline products d: Worse will be the biological activity if the acidic compounds

a: The more acidic compounds will be produced

One role of n-6 fatty acids in immunity a: Protection of cell membrane b: Management of antibody level c: regulation of IgA synthesis d: Reduction of tumor size

a: Protection of cell membrane

Symptom of its def is coma in calves fed on inappropriate milk replacer a: S b: K c: Mg d: Mn

c: Mg

Def of this vit occurs in rabbits that is simultaneously lactating and pregnant, it causes bleeding in the placenta a: Vit D b: Vit K c: Vit C s: Vit B2

b: Vit K

``` In cases of eubiosis, proportion of the main flora is a: 90-99% b 80-89% c 70-79% d 60-69% ```

a: 90-99%

``` Vitamin displays its biochemical action in protein and aa metabolism a Vit B2 b vit B2 c Vit B6 d Vit B12 ```

c Vit B6

MeNing of utilisable Lys a: Lys has a free e-amino group on its side chain b: Lys has a bound e-amino group on its side chain c: The e-amino group of Lys is activated by the Maillard reaction d: The e-amino group of Lys is activated by reductive streesors

a: Lys has a free e-amino group on its side chain

This includes the hemicellulose a: NDF b: ADF c: ADL d: All of them

a: NDF

The status of supply can be evaluated in the basis of glutathione reductase activity of erytrocytes a: Vit B1 b: Vit B2 c: Vit B6 d: Niacin

b: Vit B2

UE value (FU) value of wheat straw is 2. which means that a: 1Kg DM from the wheat straw fills the animals 2.3 times more than 1Kg from standard grass b: 1Kg DM from the standard grass fill the animals 2.3 times more than 1 Kg Dm of wheat straw c: 1Kg DM fromstandard grass fed wiht 1 Kg concentrate together, fills the animal 2.3X more than 1Kg DMof wheat straw

a: 1Kg DM from the wheat straw fills the animals 2.3 times more than 1Kg from standard grass

Def of this caused descending dermatitis in poultry a: Biotin b: Pantothenic acid c: Zinc d: Copper

a: Biotin

Energy req for the maintenance is expresed in the form of NEm a: Dairy cow b: sheep c: Horse d: Pig

b: Sheep

pH of good quality corn silage: a: 3.5-3.8 b: 4.0 -4.2 c: 4.5-4.8 d: 5.0-5.2

b: 4.0-4.2

Calculation of apparent digestibility of CP a: CP intake - CP output by faeces/Cp intake b: CP intake - CP output by faeces - CP output by urine-CP intake c: CP intake - CP output by faeces/ CP output by faeces d: CP intake - CP output by faeces - CP output by urine / CP output by faeces + out put by urine

a: CP intake - CP output by faeces/Cp intake

Mega dose of this vitamin can reduce the harmful effect of aflatoxin B1 in poultry a: Folic acid b: Pangaminic acid c: Vit C d: Biotin

c: Vitamin C

Prebiotics a: Non-digestible microbial proteins b: Well digestible microbial protiens c: Five micobial food supplements d: Non-digestible food ingredients

d: Non-digestible food ingredients

Def syndrome in birds is cervical paralysis a: Choline b: Niacin c: Vit B1 d: Folic acid (B9)

d: Folic acid (B9)

Ionophore antibiotics used in ruminants can decrease the production of a: Propionic acid b: Aetic acid c: Butyric acid d: Lactic acid

b: Acetic acid

These are important constiutents of the main flora in the gut a: Clostridium b: lactobacilli c: Enterococci d: Coliforms

b: Lactobacilli

When too much meant is fed to cats, secondary alimentary hyperparathyroidism can be developed due to the relative overfeeding of a: Ca b: P c: Mn d: Zn

b: P

Metabolisable protien system, the energy supply if the rumen microbes is dependant in the a: Metabolisable OM b: metabolisable energy c: digestible energy d: FOM

d: Fermented Organic matter

Principle determination of crude fibre a: determination of soluble N b: Boiling in conc H2SO4 c: Boiling in weak acid and alkaline solution d: Extraction in petrol ether

c: Boiling in weal acid and alkaline solution

Conc in hair reflects the staus of its supply a: Mn b: Mn + Cu c: Cu+ Zn d: Mn + Cu + Zn

d: Mn + Cu + Zn

DEXA method a: 0.3% of total K content of the body radiates 40K isotope b: Based in Archimedes law c: A whole body scanner is used that has 2 diff X ray sources d: Measure the total body electrical conductivity

c: A whole body scanner is used that has 2 diff X ray sources

Limiting essential aa in extracted soyabean meal a: Lys b: Met c: Cys d: Tre

b: Met

FCM (Fat corrected milk) a: The real milk production (kg) is converted into a theoretical milk production having 4% of milk protein b: The real milk production (kg) is converted into a theoretical mikl production having 4% of milk protein and 4% of milk fat c: The real milk production (Kg) is converted into a theoretical milk production having 4% of milk sugar and 4% milk fat d: The real milk production (Kg) is converted into a theoretical milk production having 4% of milk fat

d: The real milk production (Kg) is converted into a theoretical milk production having 4% of milk fat

The approx amount of Vit A in diets made for monogastric animals a: 2000-10000 IU/Kg b: 1000-2000 umg/Kg c: 100-200 mg/Kg d: 5-10 mg/kg

a: 2000-10000 IU/Kg

The meaning of TDN a: True digestible nitrogen b: Total digestible nutrients c: Total digestible nitrogen d: True degradable nutrients

b: Total digestible nutrients

Growth promoter effect of probiotics can be explained by the following roles: a: Regulation of biological processes b: Modification of metabolism c: Improvement if intestinal microbial balance d: improvement if nutrient absorbtion

c: Improvement of intestinal microbial balance

Which barrier is built up by the epithelia cells in the immune systme of the GI tract a: Mirobial b: Cellular c: Anatomical d: Humoral

c: Anatomical

Metabolisable proteins means a: UDP content of the feed b: Content of the feed + Microbial proteins in the small intestine c: Content of the feed + Microbial proteins in the small intestine + RDP d: Content of the feed + Microbial proteins in the small intestine + RDP +DCP

b: Content of the feed + Microbial proteins in the small intestine

Symptom of its def is pellagra a: Mn b: Biotin c: Vit B2 d: Niacin (B3)

d. Niacon (B3)

Belong to the depository fungi a: Alternaria b: Fusarium c: Cladosporium c: Aspergullus

d: Aspergullus

Main biochemical functions are the contributions in the active CO2 transport in the fatty acid synthesis and in gluconeogenesis a: Na b: Biotin c: Pantothenic acid d: Mn

b: Biotin

``` Does not occur when the feed is given in an unrecognisable form a: Feed inversion b: Feed allergy : Feed intolerence d: Feed interactions ```

a: Feed inversion

What is the approx DM intake if farm animals as a % of BW a: 0.1-0.5% b: 1.5-5.0% c: 5.5-7.5% d: 9.5-5%

b: 1.5-5.0%

Meaning of the substitution number (SN) a: Possibility of the substitution of the extracted meal with legume seeds as protein source in the diet b: Decrement of the forage DM intake (kg) when 1 Kg DM of concentrate is offered c: Increment of forage digestibility when 1Kg DM of concentrate is offered d: Possibility of substitution of different forages by each other

b: Decrement of the forage DM intake (kg) when 1 Kg DM of concentrate is offered

The discount factor shows the decrement of .... when the feeding level is enhanced by 1 unit a: Urea fermentation potential b: Protein degradability c: nutrient digestibility d: Feed intake

c: Nutrient digestibility

``` Good quality corn silage has this acid in the highest proportions A: acetic acid b: Propionic acid c: Lactic acid d: Butyric acid ```

c: Lactic acid

Forages generally have a: higher P content than Ca content b: Higher Ca content than P content c: About the same P and Ca d: Higher P than the seeds

b: higher Ca levels than P levels

Water content of air dry feed is approx a: 12-16% b: 20-25% c: 30-40% d: 40-50%

a: 12-16%

Chemically determined according to the nitrogen content a: NFE b: CP c: TP d: All of the above

a: CP

Bulky feeds: a: Low dry matter content involved in the whole volume b: High digestible OM is involved in the whole volume c: Low CF is involved in the whole volume d: Low dry matter content is involved in the whole volume

a: low dry matter content is involved in the whole volume

When exoressing the energy requirement of breeding sows, following term are used: a: DE b: AMEn c: ME d: NEm

a: DE

Its most important anti-nutritive factor are saponins a: Soybean b: Barley c: Alfalfa d: Rapeseed

c: Alfalfa

Fresh pasture grass contains what % of matter? a: 20-25% b: 40-45% c: 55-60% d: 80-85%

a: 20-25%

This plant CF content is usually higher than 20% a: Meadow hay b: Alfalfa hay c: Neither d: both

D: Both

This plants CF is between 20-30% a: Wheat b: Wheat bran c: Corn silage d: Peas

d: Peas

This animal protein req may be expressed in CP in practice a: Rabbit b: Growing pigs c: Laying duck d: Horse

c: Laying duck

This feeds limiting factor is lysine: a: Cereal grain b: Extracted soya meal c: Bean d: Lupin

a: Cereal grain

These can be given as an enzyme supplement in barley based diets for chickens a: Glucanase and Phytase b: Xilanase and phytase c: Cellulose and phytase d: Amylase and protease

a: Glucanase and phytase

Alfalfa is not given to a: Lactating race horse b: Dry cow c: Both d: neither

b: Dry cow

Dry matter content of high quality silage a: 20-25% b: 30-35% c: 40-45% d: 45-50%

b: 30-35%

One of its toxicity syndromes is exotosis on cervical vertebrae of cats a: Ca b: Vit D c: P d: Vit A

d: Vit A

In females, T-2 mycotoxin reduces the conc of a: oestrogen b: Progesteone c: Both d: neither

b: Pogesterone

The clinical signs of thiamine def is similar to that of a: Mg def b: Cu def c: Both d: neither

c: Both

Supplementation of B6 in contraindicated in which case a: Parkinsons disease b: Alzheimers c: Encephalitis d: Epilepsy

a: parkinsons

FU value of forage is dependent on a: DM content b: Energylevel c: Amount if digestible nutrients d: Fibre content

d: fibre content

This anti-nutritive factor binds calcium a: Oxalates b: phytase c: Silica d: Phenolic compounds

a: oxalates

Constituent of Vit B a: Ni b: Cr c: Co d: Mo

c: Co

one of its main physiological roles is the protection if mucous membranes a: Vit A b: niacin c: Vit U d: All of the above

c: Vit U

Its main function is to carry long chain fatty acids into the mitochondria a: Organic Cr b: DHA c: EPA d: None of the above

d: none of the above

This includes cellulose a: NDF b: ADF c: Both d: Neither

c: Both

Contributes to mucopolysaccharide synthesis a: S b: Mn c: Si d: All of the above

a: S

Lead to the reduction of sperm quality a: zn- def b: Vit A c: T-2 mycotoxin d: Vit E and SE

c: T-2 mycotoxin

What is the main limiting factor of microbial growth a: Humidity b: Temp c: Dietary carbohydrates d: dietary protein

a: Humidity

Conc of these minerals in the body is regulating in a bipolar manner a: Se and Na b: I and Ns c: Fe and Cu d: Se and Cu

???

a Zn def can lead to def in a: B-carotene b: Vit A c: Vit B2 d: Niacin

b: Vit A

Metabolisable protein is used for the expression of the protein req of a: dairy cows b: sheep c: Beef cattle d: all of the above

d: all of the above

Phytomenadione and phytonadione are both also known as a: Vit A b: B13 c: Vit K d: Inositol

c: Vit K

The energy and protein req of horses are expressed in Hungary by a: DE and CP b: DE and DCP c: ME and CP d: ME and DCP

b: ME and DCP

In the concept of the cation anion balance, this is the most critical element a: Ca b: K c: Mg d: Na

b: K

This is a constituent factor of glucose tolerance factor (GTF) a: Ni b: Cr c: Co d: Mo

b: Cr

Maillard reaction may occur a: Milk replacers b: Hays c: Both d: neither

c: Both

In rumen, ruminococcus albus splits a: Cellulose b: pectin c: Lignin d: Starch

a: Cellulose

In horses and ruminants, the daily Ca and P req are expressed a: Related to DM % b: Related to energy % c: as an absolute number (g) d: Related to BW (g)

c: as an absolute number (g)

This plays an important role in the short term controlof feed intake a: Growth hormone b: GH-RH c: Cholecytokinin d: Insulin

c: Cholecytokinin

This GH in cows stimulate a: fat synthesis b: Insulin c: lipolysis d: Appetite

c: lipolysis

If body score is above the optimum (the animal is obese) a: Time of first ovulation delays b: feed intake decreases c: Both d: Neither

c: Both

Feed conversion ratio (FCR) is

The efficiency at which an animal converts food into desire output. For a dairy cow: the rate depends on milk output. Laying hens: egg output

Principle of energy evaluation system a: Energy req of the animal and energy content of their feeds must be the same unit b: Energy req of the animal and energy content of their feeds must be unit different units c: Energy content of feed must be expressed in Kj/Kg d: Energy content of feed must be expressed in Mj/kg

a: Energy req of the animal and energy content of their feeds must be the same unit

For the determinatin of the nutrients dif=gestibility by total collection method a: Only the registration of feed intake is required b: Registration of feed intake and total collection of faeces are required c: Registration of feed intake and total collection of faeces and urine required d: Neither...

b: Registration of feed intake and total collection of faeces are required

Lactacidaemia may be caused by a: Rumnobacter amylophysilis b: Streptococcus bovis c: Ruminococcus albus d: All of the above

b Streptococcus bovis???

Optimum moisture content of forages at the time of bailing a: Less than 10 b: 14-16% c: 20-25% d: 40%

b: 14-16%

Cropfield moulds require a: Higher water activity than stroage moulds b: Lower water activity than storage moulds c: The same humidity as depository fungi d: Only 2-5% humidity, humidity is not the limiting factor

a: Higher water activity than stroage moulds

According to the approx analysis of feeds, instead of fibre, CF is used because a: The CF maens only the dietary fibre b: The CF means only the cellulose and hemicellulose c: The CF means cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin d: The CF means NDF+ADF+ADL

C: The CFmeans cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin

Their digestible energy is above 12-15 MJ/Kg a: Cereal grains b: Alfalfa hay c: Grasses d: Corn Silage

a: Cereal grains

What is leptin a: Hormone b: Enzyme c: Anti-nutritive factor d: Mycotoxin

a: Hormone

One of the anti-nutritive factors of rapeseed a: Glucosinolates b: Anti-vitA c: Trypsin inhibitors d: Lupine

a: Glucoinolates

Its determination is based in the changes in the BW a: Essential AA index (EAAI) b: Chemical score c: Protein efficiency ratio d: Net protein utilisation

c: Protein efficency ratio

Many hormones (eg: testosterone and prolactin) are dependant on a: Mo b: Mn c: Se d: Zn

a: Zn

The following materials are considered natraceuticals a: Fish oils b: Conjugated linolenic acid c: Both d: Neither

c: Both

CP content of Wheat bran is about a: 5-8% b: 10-13% c: 15-16% d: 20-25%

c: 15-16%

Feeding too high amounts if UDP to high lactating dairy cows a: Decreases milk yield b: Makes the period from calving to re-conception longer c: Makes the period between calving and re-conception shorter d: Improves general signs of oestrus

b: Makes the period from calving to re-conception longer

This is a bulky feed a: Extracted soya bean b: Corn silage c: Sunflower seeds d: Horse bean

b: Corn silage

During autoxidation, these compounds are produced first a: Hydroperoxides b: Aldehydes c: Organinc acids d: Polymers

a: Hydroperoxides

Its calcium content is lower than 1g/Kg DM a: Barely grain b: Green alfalfa c: Meadow grass d: Corn silage

a: Barley grain

The CP content of legume seeds a: 10-15% b: 20-40% c: 45-50% d: 55-65%

b: 20-40%

Acidifiers are used as growth promoters in a: Growing dairy cows b: Chickens c: Piglets d: Beef cattel

c: Piglets

The approx proportion of protein sources in the diets of swine or poultry should be a: 5-10% b: 15-20% c: 30-40% d: 60-70%

c: 30-40%

When the nutrient req for maintenance of a dairy cow are calculated, the following parameters are uses a: Cows metabolic weight b: Milk sugar content c: Phase of lactation d: All of the above

a: Cows metabolic weight

Usually the limiting essential aa in the mongastric diet a: Met b: Lys c: Cys s: Arg

b: Lys

This statement is invalid for mycotoxins a: Small MW b: Heat resistance c: They have antigen effect d: They cause different symptoms in animals

c: They have antigen effect

TDN is needed to calculate a: DE b: UFP c: Both d: Neither

c: Both

The degree of hydrolyic rancidity is expressed by a: Acid number b: Peroxide number c: Buffering capacity d: pH of feed

a: Acid number

This can be used as a silage additive a: Sunflower meal b: Corn germ c: Lupine d: Propionic acid

d: Propionic acid

This can be fed ad lib to animals because its intake is well regulated according to req a: CP b: EE c: Kl d: NaCl

d: NaCl

It may contain anti-vit E as an anti-nutritive factor a: Alfalfa b: Soyabean meal c: Cotton seeds d: Lupine

c: Cotton seeds

With males it increases sperm abnormalities and reduces testosterone level a: B-carotene def b: Vit A def c: T-2 mycotoxin d: Vit E and Se def

c: T-2 mycotoxin

In dairy cowns, this reduces the incidence of mastitis a: inositol b: Choline c: Folic acid d: Vit E

d: Vit E

``` It provides high amount of by-pass protein A. Corn germ B. Corn gluten meal C. Wheat germ D. Wheat bran ```

b: Corn gluten meal

Approx CF of grasses a: 10-15% b: 20-25% c: 30-40% d: 40-45%

b: 20-25%

``` Dietary supplement are as follows A. Pellet binders B. Probiotics C. Anti oxidants D. Protected amino acids ```

d: Protested Amino acids

It may affect fertility in cats a: Biotin b: Mn c: Cr d: Riboflavin

b: Mn

``` It contributes to the mucopolysaccahride synthesis A. Pangaminic acid B. Biotin C. Choline D. Pantothenic acid/B5 ```

d: Pantothenic acid

Supplemental Urea can be added if a: both UFP and protein balance are positive b: Both UFP and protein balance are negative c: UFP is positive or protein balance in negative d: UFP is negative or protein balance is positive

c: UFP is positive or protein balance in negative

The possible immune effect of amino acids can be explained, among other things – as follows A. The are nutrients B. Some of them are virus growth inhibitors C. Some of them are cell membrane components D. Some of them stimulate the macrophage activity

b: Some are virus growth inhibitors

Animals especially sensitive to overfeeding of Cu a: Pigs b: Horses c: Beef cattle d: Sheep

d: Sheep

``` Crude protein of a feedstuff is A. Lower than its True Protein content B. Higher than its True Protein content C. Lower than its RDP content D. Lower than its UDP content ```

b: Higher than its TP content

``` Dark pigmentation in fish body is one of the deficiency syndromes of A. Panthotenic aid B. Folic acid C. B2 riboflavin D. Biotin ```

c: Vit B2, riboflavin

The following statement is valid for protozoa A. They can utilize ammonia B. Forages increase their amount in the rumen C. They do not have proteolysis activity D. They highly tolerate acidic pH

b: forages increases their amount in the rumen

When it is fed to dairy cows, CP and CF supplementation are required a: Sugar beet pulp b: Legume hays c: Meadow hay d: Sunflower meal

a: Sugar beet pulp

``` One of the deficiency syndromes is perosis in poultry A. Ca B. Ca, vitamin D C. Folic acid, Mn D. Biotin, Folic acid, Mn ```

d: Biotin, Folic acid and Mn

``` The energy status of a dairy cow can be improved by feeding A. Glycerin B. Both of them C. Cholin D. Neither of them ```

b: Both of them

Geinstein and daidzein (found in soyabean) are a: Phyto-haemoglobin b: Cyanogenic glycosides c: Phyto-oestrogens d: Anti-Vet E

c: Phyto-oestrogens

``` One of its deficiency syndromes is ascites A. Vitamin A B. Vitamin. B1 C. Vitamin B6 D. Nicotinic acid ```

c: Vit B6

``` The low dietary level can limit the milk production of dairy cows A. Met B. Na C. Both of them D. Neither of them ```

c: Both

What is the Keshan disease found in China?

Cardiomyopathy caused by a mutation in Coxa virus, activated by Se and vitamin E deficiency

Body Condition Score

``` 1 = emaciated 2 = thin 3 = Moderate 4 = Stout 5 = obese ```

Continuos grazing is less effective than a: Rotational grazing b: Strip grazing c: Both d: Neither

c: Both

Liberation of ammonia during heat processing of feeds indicate there are a: reactions between protein molecules b: Reactions between proteins and carbohydrates c: Reactions between protein and fats d: Reactions between carbohydrates and fats

a: Reaction between protein molecules

Zn deficiency can lead to def of a: B-carotene b: Vit A c: Vit B2 d: folic acid

b: Vit A

They contian more Ca than P a: Green roughage b: Legume seeds c: Cereal seeds d: Extraction seeds

a: Green forage

It is a content of FAD a: VitB1 b: Vit B2 c: Vit B6 d: Niacin

b: Vit B2

Right answer is a: Leptin is produced by adioose tissue b: Leptinis produced by epithelial cells c: High leptin level of blood increase the feed intake d: Leptin takes part in the short term control of the feed intake

a: Leptin is produced by adipose tissue

Its conc in fur shows the status of supply a: Mn b: Mn, Cu c: Cu, Zn d: Mn, Cu, Zn

d: Mn, Cu, Zn

Def symptoms that interrupts fertility in cows a: Vit C b: Niacin c: B-carotene d: Vit E

c: B-carotene

In nature it is found as ergocalciferol and kolekalciferol a: Vit A b: Vit C c: Vit D d: Vit E

c: Vit D

In the body most of it is a part of metalloenzymes a: Fe b: Mn c: Co d: Zn

d: Zn

After weender analysis, protein is used instead of raw protein. The reason for this a: The raw protein means real just realproteins b: The raw protein means just NPN-connections c: That raw protein means NPN-connections and real protein d: That raw protein means RDP+ UDP + NFE

c: That raw protein means NPN-connections and real protein

Feeding stuff, TS- content of airdried substance is round about a: 20-25% b: 30-35% c: 45-50% d: 85-90%

d: 85-90%

Consequences of additives a: Dependant on energy and aa demand of the animal b: Independant on energy and aa demand of the animal c: Dependent on energy and independent of aa demand of animal d: Independent on energy and dependent aa demand of the animal

d: Independent on energy and dependent aa demand of the animal

What is the crude protein content in:

``` Cereals " 10-15% Rapeseed " 37% Soybean " 45% Fish meal " 65% Blood meal " 92% ```

How is extracted soybean meal obtained?

Solvent extraction, mechanical pressing, extrusion, essential amino acid (may be also; autoclaving, enzymes)

What is the character of a a: potato? b: Hay c: grains

a: Potato: Bulky and concentrated b: Hay: Bulky and non-concentrated c: Grains: Non-bulky and concentrated

What is grinded wheat good for?

Monogastric animals: decreased concentration in alimentary energy

These are feeds, which are marked with the message ‘Beneficial effect on health without residue building’. Give an example:

Nutraceuticals: amino acids, vitamin, mineral supplements, fish, oil, garlic and ginseng

Extracted oilseed meals contain approximately how much CP?

35-50% | Soybean: 45%

What is the protein requirement of pig and maintenance requirements?

33% (protein requirement) 14,8g for a swine 40kg (maintenance)

What is the energy protein content measurement unit in the different species?

DE: Horse, Pigs, Rabbit ME: Poultry NE: NEl: dairy cows, NEm + NEg: beef cattle and sheep AMEn: used as a correction for N retention in young growing poultry AME: is used in adult poultry

The slimming diet of dog and cat may contain higher level of:

Low degradable starch | L-carnithine, vitamin A, trivalent (organic) chromium

The Protein:Energy (P:E) ratio of feedstuff means:

P:E= The amount of protein in gram related to 1 MJ of energy

Rapeseed contains:

Eruic acid

Peroxidase number, what does it mean?

Concentration of peroxides in an oil or fat Peroxide number in good feedstuff: <20/lower than 20

Acid number, what does it mean?

Mass of NaOH needed to neutralize sample

How much protein is in corn seed?

8-10%

What is the result of Vitamin C deficiency in fish?

Scoliosis, Lordosis (both spinal deformities)

What is curled toe disease caused by?

Deficiency of vitamin B2 (riboflavin); in chicks

Which of the vitamin where both overdose and deficiency cause malformation in foetus or abortion

Vitamin A

Increase concentration of these vitamins, gives a flushing-like effect in sow:

Biotin and folic acid

Germ free animals can have different vitamin requirements and need:

Extra Vit K

Vitamin E deficiency and Se can lead to:

Zenker’s myodegradation

Thickened joint is caused by this vitamin/mineral:

Mn, enlarged hock joint

Which vitamin shortens the tibia in guinea pig?

Vit C

By only eating vegetables you will need:

B12

Omega 3 fatty acid: Omega 6 fatty acids: Omega 9

Linolenic acid Linoleic and arachidonic acid Oleic acid

Goose-stepping in pigs is caused by:

Pantothenic acid deficiency, B5

The cat’s capacity to transform carotene in vitamin A is

Cannibalism in poultry may be caused by deficiency of

It deficiency is jaw tetany:

Biotin deficiency cause “sneaker syndrome” in

Sow | turkey: perosis, boar: skin, mink: skin

What can cause 2° Cu deficiency?

Mg, Se | Increased loss of Cu via faeces

Which deficiency can result in night blindness?

Vit A and Zn

What kind of deficiency results in poor feather development and dermatitis in fowl?

Panthothenic acid

Biotin deficiency in foxes is caused by:

Feeding with rancid feed or feeding avidin

What are the fat burners?

Chromium (trivalent or yeast) and L-carnitine

Which of these compounds does not inhibit the retention of fat? I.e. allows fat accumulation:

D-carnithine

Antivitamins: A; Name a niacin anti-vitamins: Name the anti-vitamin D: Name the anti-vitamin E: Name the Biotin anti-vitamin:

A; Acetyl pyridine and Indol acetate B: Raw soybean C: Gossypol D: Avidin

The idiopathic hyper-calcaemia is common in:

Cats

Clinical signs of its toxicosis may be similar to the swine Mouth and Food Disease (MFD):

what is calcitriol

Hormine and active vitamin

Taurine is a vitamin-like substance only for?

Cats

Its deficiency in egg may cause typical embryonic mortality in the chicken:

Vit B2 and B12

It may increase the sow’s litter size:

Folic acid and biotin

What is Ghrelin

Hormone found in the stomach, increase appetite

Tryptophan to serotonin

Vit B6

Keratinisation of the mouth

Vit A

Deficiency of vitamin causes problems in heart/skeletal muscle in calf/lamb:

Vit E

Von Soest method

Cellulose = ADF - ADL

What is the average Discount Factor?

0.04-4%

What is ‘k’?

NE/ME x100

What is q?

Me/GE x100

How is the DM intake approaching formula calculated in the case of Dairy Cows?

Metabolic Body Weight + Fat corrected milk production

How is the DM intake approaching formula calculated in the case of Chicken?

Metabolic temp and egg production

How is the DM intake approaching formula calculated in the case of Beef Cattle?

Metabolic BW and Net energy

What is the effect of induced mutation?

There is an increas in essential aa production

How would the requirements be saturated during the first lactation days of Dairy Cattle?

Increased by 20%

Energy Density = ?

Cow: NE/UE = Energy Density Chicken: ME/UE = Energy Density

What does Silo Discount Factor mean?

A number that when multiplied by 100, shows the decrement of the nutrients’ digestibility when the feeding level is enhanced by 1 unit e.g. It is 0.053 for Corn

Should one calculate DE with the excretion content in the urine?

No. Calculate DE with the excretion content in the faeces only.

Why are the growth promoters such as CuSO4 not always successful?

Due to genetic environment interaction

What does protein overdose damage?

Causes a possible delay of conception in cattle

Protein calculating system (protein digestibility system) pays attention to:

Protein degraded in the rumen which are metabolized into microbial protein (in addition to the Bypass/UDP protein)

What does eubiosis mean?

Gut flora is in equilibrium " main flora is >90% of total flora

What do you have to use when calculating DE?

Feed intake Gross energy of feed intake Faecal output Gross energy of faecal output

What is INQ?

Index of Nutritional Quality: Nutrient allowance / Energy allowance related to the requirements

What are depository (storage) fungi?

Storage Fungi " aspergillus, Penicillum, Mucor, Fusarium | Field Fungi "fusarium, Alternaria, Cladosporium, Stachybotritis, Ergosterum

What is BV?

Biological Value " measure of amount of True Protein absorbed from the intestinal tract, and how well the digestive system converts it to amino acids. Proportion of absorbed Nitrogen that is retained for maintenance of growth BV = Retained N / Absorbed N

What is IgY?

An antibody in egg yolk with an activity similar to IgA. Protects the mucous membrane in newborns

What is the meaning of PER?

Protein Efficiency Requirement: weight gain of a test subject divided by its intake of a particular food protein during the test period

When do we need zero N retention?

Adult bird: N intake = N output => 0 N retention

What is NSP?

Non-Starch Polysaccharides: e.g. Peas, beans, roughage, dietary fibre. Fermented in the caecum with gas productions

What is UDP?

Un-Digested Protein: by-pass proteins. Proteins, which pass through the rumen without being digested

What is the combustion energy of uric acid?

34.4 KJ/g

Nutrition 1 past questions Flashcards

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