Nutrition

Question 1

What is swayback in sheep

Answer 1

Cu deficiency in mid to late pregnat ewes

Question 2

What is white muscle disease

Answer 2

Deficiency in Se and/or Vit E

Question 3

What is pining

Answer 3

Growth retardation from CO and/or Vit B12 deficiency

Question 4

What are the 3 constituents of the organic fraction of DM

Answer 4

CHO, Proteins and Lipids

Question 5

How do you get the ash fraction of a feed

Answer 5

Ignite at 550C

Question 6

How do you estimate the crude protein content of a feed

Answer 6

Nitrogen content (N) x 6.25

Question 7

What fraction is used to estimate the lipid content of a feed

Answer 7

Ether extract

Question 8

How do you get the crude fiber of a feed

Answer 8

It is the residue from the ether extract boiled in acid and alkali

Question 9

How do you calculate the nitrogen-free extracts

Answer 9

1000 - (moisture + ash + CP + EE + CF)

Question 10

Neutral detergent fiber residue contains…

Answer 10

Lignin + cellulose + hemicellulose

Question 11

Acid detergent fiber residue contains…

Answer 11

Lignin + cellulose

Question 12

What is lignin

Answer 12

A non-CHO monomer highly resistant to degradation

Question 13

What part of the plant makes up structural carbs

Answer 13

The fibrous fraction (the cell wall)

Question 14

What part of the plant makes up non-structural carbs

Answer 14

The storage fraction (cell wall contents)

Question 15

The structural carb fraction is primarily composed of…

Answer 15

Non-starch polysaccharides (cellulose, hemicellulose and pectin)

Question 16

The non-structural carb fraction is primarily composed of…

Answer 16

Fructan and starch (mostly starch)

Question 17

What makes up the WSC fraction

Answer 17

Fructan and simple sugars (glucose, fructose and sucrose)

Question 18

Starch content is __ is forage and __ in cereal grains

Answer 18

Low, high

Question 19

Name 3 factors affecting NSC content and their effect on NSC

Answer 19

1. Season (high in late spring/summer, low in early spring)
2. Time of day (low in hours of darkness)
3. Water (high in dryness, or low water)

Question 20

A loss of __ water can lead to death

Answer 20

15%

Question 21

How many essential amino acids in dogs and cats

Answer 21

10 in dogs, 11 in cats (taurine)

Question 22

When would you want to see a positive nitrogen balance

Answer 22

In pregnancy and young animals

Question 23

What are 2 essential fatty acids

Answer 23

Omega 3s and omega 6s

Question 24

What is BER

Answer 24

When an animal is at rest, in a thermo-neutral environment, and fasted

Question 25

What is RER

Answer 25

When an animal is at rest, in a thermo-neutral environment, and fed

Question 26

How do you calculate RER

Answer 26

70 x BW^0.75

Question 27

What is MER

Answer 27

RER + the energy required for a normal lifestyle

Question 28

How do you calculate MER

Answer 28

RER x 1.2-1.6

Question 29

What is DER

Answer 29

DER + energy required for the animal's lifestyle to include exercise, pregnancy and lactation

Question 30

What are represented by the ash fraction of the diet

Answer 30

Minerals

Question 31

Soluble fiber is __ fermented, and insoluble fiber is ___ fermented

Answer 31

Quickly Slowly

Question 32

What are 3 types of insoluble fiber

Answer 32

Cellulose, hemi-cellulose and lignin

Question 33

What are 5 essential amino acids for cats

Answer 33

Methionine, cysteine, arginine, carnitine, and taurine

Question 34

Why can't cats utilize glucose for energy very well

Answer 34

They lack glucokinase

Question 35

How much protein in DM% does a cat need

Answer 35

More than 26%

Question 36

What is the most important water soluble vitamin for cats

Answer 36

Vitamin B12

Question 37

Why don't cats need carotenoids in their diet

Answer 37

They cannot make vitamin A from them, so they just need preformed vitamin A

Question 38

More than __ over the optimal body weight is considered obese

Answer 38

20%

Question 39

List the moisture content of: wet, semi-moist and dry food

Answer 39

Wet: 75-85% Semi-moist: 25-40% Dry: less than 10%

Question 40

Which part of the pet food label contains the brand and product name, statement of intent and net weight

Answer 40

The principle display

Question 41

Which part of the pet food label contains the ingredient statement, analysis guarantee, product description and feeding guidelines

Answer 41

The statutory panel

Question 42

How do you calculate the DM content of a diet

Answer 42

100 - % moisture / 100

Question 43

How do you calculate the energy density of a diet on an as fed basis when given a DM basis

Answer 43

Energy density DM x DM content