Nutrition Flashcards
What are nutrients?
Nutrients are basically substances in food that promote growth,maintence
The major nutrients include carbohydrates,lipids and proteins and other proteins would include vitamins and minerals
Where is energy derived from?
Protein
Fats
Carbohydrates
What is insoluble fiber?
It is the cellulose in vegetables and it provides roughage
What is soulable fiber?
It is the pectin in apples and citrus fruits and reduces blood cholesterol levels
What are the uses of Carbohydrates?
The Glucose in carbohydrates is used to make energy in atp
Neurons and red blood cells rely entirely on glucose and then the excess glucose is converted to fats or glycogen
What are the dietary sources for lipids?
The saturated fats which are found in tropical oils and meat and dairy foods
The unsaturated fats which are found in nuts,seeds and vegetables oil
The cholesterol in milky products,organ meats
What is considered as essential fatty acids?
Linoleic and linolenic acid usually found in vegetable oils and must be ingested
What are the uses of lipids?
Helps to fuel fat soulable material
Major fuel for hepatocytes and skeletal muscles
Phospolipids are essential part in making the myelin sheath and all cell membranes
What is the function for adipose tissue?
Concentrating source of energy
Insulating layer around the skin
Is a cushion that’s protective around body organs
What us the function if prostaglandin?
Inflammation
Smooth muscle contraction
Control of blood pressure
What us is the function of cholesterol?
It stabilizes membranes
It is a precursor of bile salts and steroid hormones
What are the dietary sources of proteins?
Eggs,milk,fish,some meats contain complete proteins
Legumes,cereals,nuts contain incomplete proteins and lack some essential amino acids
Legumes and cereal together contain essential amino acids
What are the uses of proteins?
Keratin,Collagen,elastin and muscle proteins
Enzymes and hormones
What is the use of proteins in the body?
All or none rule where all amino acids must be present for protein synthesis to take place
Adequacy of caloric intake
Protein must be used as a fuel if there isn’t enough carbs or fat
What is nitrogen balance?
Where protein synthesis is equal to the rate of breakdown and loss
Positive if synthesis is more than the breakdown
And negative if opposite occurs
