Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Health Science > nutrition > Flashcards

nutrition Flashcards

(57 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

biomolecules

A

essential for living organisms to function they provide energy and structure and chemical reactions to cells. there are 4 types lipids proteins carbohydrates and nucleic acids without biomolecules cells wouldn’t be able to grow repair of live out the process of life

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

4 main elements of life

A

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

why do we eat

A

We eat to get energy, nutrients, and to help our bodies grow and repair and to make more cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what are the molecules of life

A

lipids, carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids like DNA and RNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

inorganic definition

A

substances that don’t have carbon-hydrogen bonds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

organic definition

A

contains carbon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is a disaccharide

A

carbohydrate made up of 2 sugar molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

monosaccharides definition

A

simplest type of carbohydrate, only has one sugar molecule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

polysaccharide definition

A

carbohydrate made up of many sugars

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

carbohydrate definition

A

macro nutrient found in food and drinks like sugar starches and fibres and breaks down into glucose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

single sugar ratio

A

1-2-1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

3 main saccharides used in nature

A

fructose glucose galactose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what suffix indicates a compound is a carbohydrate

A

ose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what reaction happens to form a disaccharide

A

dehydration synthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what monomers from maltose, lactose and sucrose

A
  • maltose, 2 glucose molecules
  • lactose, 1 glucose and 1 galactose
  • sucrose, 1 glucose and 1 fructose
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is hydrolysis

A

when water breaks down a molecule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what sugar is used for energy

A

glucose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

is an enzyme a protein

A

no

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what is cellulose

A

carbohydrate that makes up plant cell walls and provides structure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what does a lipid do

A

stores energy, insulates and protects organs, and helps build cell membranes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what’s a triglyceride

A

fat made up of three fatty acids attached to a glycerol molecule. It stores energy in the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what is HDL

A

high density lipoprotein, good cholesterol, helps remove excess cholesterol from the bloodstream

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what’s LDL

Study These Flashcards
A

low density lipoprotein, bad cholesterol, carries cholesterol from the liver to the cells, but too much can lead to plaque buildup in the arteries

24
Q

what’s elements make up proteins

Study These Flashcards
A

hydrogen, carbon, oxygen, nitrogen

25
what are the basic building blocks of proteins called
amino acids
26
amino acids
building blocks of proteins
27
basic structure of amino acids
28
hydrophobic definition
doesn’t like water
29
hydrophilic definition
likes water
30
saturated fats
have no double bonds and are solid at room temperature
31
unsaturated fats
have one or more double bonds and are liquid at room temperature
32
polysatured
2 or more double bond and found in nuts or seeds
33
what elements make up a lipid molecule
carbon oxygen and hydrogen
34
essential amino acids
Histidine 2. Isoleucine 3. Leucine 4. Lysine 5. Methionine 6. Phenylalanine 7. Threonine 8. Tryptophan 9. Valine
35
denaturation
process where a protein loses shape and function due to external factors
36
how many amino acids does the body require
20
37
phospholipid
make sup cell membranes and is hydrophilic
38
ketosis
a metabolic state where the body burns fat for fuel instead of carbs this happens when there isn’t enough glucose
39
peptide bond
chemical bond that links two amino acids together to form a protein
40
polypeptide
chain of amino acids linked by peptide bonds
41
enzyme
protein that acts as a catalyst to speed up chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy required
42
catalyst
a substance that speeds up a chemical reaction without being used up in the process
43
substrate
the reactant molecule upon which an enzyme acts
44
isomers
when they have the same compound but in different order
45
what’s a lipid
fats that are building blocks for the body. triglycerides form when glycerol reacts with 3 fatty acids through ester bonds releasing water molecules. fatty acids can be saturated or unsaturated.
46
what’s a protein
built from amino acids linked by peptide bonds which are chemical bonds that join 2 amino acids by removing a water molecule and have 4 organizational levels
47
what’s a carbohydrate
built from monosaccharides they are organic molecules made out of carbon hydrogen and oxygen they provide energy and structure and come in 3 forms mono poly and di saccharides
48
what are nucleic acids
DNA and RNA are nucleic acids that carry genetic information Dna forms a double helix w base paring a-t and c-g RNA is single stranded
49
DNA and RNA meaning
deoxyribonucleic acids and ribonucleic acid
50
what’s a polymer and monomer
a monomer is a small molecule that joins w other identical molecules through dehydration synthesis to form a merger chain called polymer mono comes first poly comes second
51
what are enzymes
tiny helpers in the body that help speed up processes like digesting food and have a special shape are also proteins
52
substrate interaction
lock and key example the enzymes active site has a specific shape that matches certain substrates
53
unsaturated fats
they contain 1 or more double bond between carbon atoms creating a linked chain which prevents tight packing making it liquid at room temp.
54
saturated fats
lipids that contain single bonds between carbon atoms and their fatty acids tails which result in a straight chain allowing fats to pack tightly together and be solid at room temp
55
56
57
coagulation
where denaturation proteins clump together and form a solid mass

Health Science (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions