nutrition 3 Flashcards
what are the indications for enteral nutrition
- inadequate oral intake
- inability to eat
- increased requirements
- GI disorders
- neurologic problems
what are the only two absolute contraindications to enteral nutrition
mechanical obstruction
necrotizing enterocolitis
what are 4 advantages to enteral nutrition when compared to parenteral
- avoids risks associated with IV
- provides GI stimulation
- less stringent protocol for administration
- less expensive
when should enteral nutrition be initiated for critically ill patients
within 48 hours of admission
for the mild/ moderately stressed patient who is well nourished, when should enteral nutrition be initiated
after PO intake is inadequate for 7-14 days
what are 3 disadvantages of nasogastric or orogastric enteral access
- increased aspiration risk
- patient discomfort
- tubes easily removed
what are 3 benefits to G-tubes (gastrostomy)
- conducive to bolus feeding
- large tubes less likely to clog
- concealed by clothing
what are 4 major factors for deciding administragion method of a feeding tube
- anatomic location
- clinical condition
- environment the patient resides
- intestinal function
- tolerance
what are the 4 ways enteral nutrition formulas are administered
- continuous - 24 hrs
- cyclic -12 hrs
- bolus feeding - less than 10 minutes 4-6 times daily
- intermittent feeding - 20-60 min 4-6 times a day
what is problem of hydrolyzed formulas containing elemental carbohydrates?
increased osmolality of formula; can lead to diarrhea
what are refered to as elemental formulas
formulations with hydrolyzed proteinsOsm
hyper osmolarity are greater than what mOsm
greater than 300 m
what are 4 ways to avoid diarrhea in enteral feeding
- start slow
- switch to fiber containing or lower osmolality feed
- check sorbitol content of medications given via tube
- check stool for c. dif
