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Flashcards in Nutrition Deck (32)
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1
Q

What are the factors that affect food choice?

A
Cost
Availability
Nutritive value
Senses
Advertising
Marketing
Culture
Health status
2
Q

What is a nutrient and what are the 6 nutrients?

A
A nutrient is a chemical found in food. They are:
Protein
Fat
Carbohydrate
Mineral
Vitamins
Water
3
Q

What is a macro nutrient?

A

A macronutrient is a nutrient that is needed by the body in large amounts. They are protein, fat and carbohydrates

4
Q

What is a micro nutrient?

A

A micronutrient is a nutrient needed by the body in small amounts. They are vitamins and minerals

5
Q

What is a balanced diet?

A

A balanced diet is all the nutrients in the correct amounts for the needs of the body

6
Q

What is malnutrition?

A

It is caused when a person does not get enough of food, too much of all food, or missing one particular nutrient.

7
Q

What are the fat soluble vitamins?

A

A
D
E
K

8
Q

What are the water soluble vitamins?

A

B

C

9
Q

Composition of protein?

A
Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen
Nitrogen
Amino acids
10
Q

Classification of protein?

A

High biological value- meat fish eggs cheese milk soya products

Low biological value- cereals pulse veg nuts seeds

11
Q

Functions of protein?

A

Growth
Repair
Heat energy
To make hormones, enzymes, anti bodies

12
Q

Rda of protein?

A

I gram of protein per I kilogram of body weight

13
Q

Energy value of protein ?

A

1g releases 4 kilocalories or 17 kilo joules

14
Q

Composition of lipids?

A

Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen

Glycerol and fatty acids

15
Q

Classification of lipids?

A

Saturated- animal fats, solid at room temperature

Unsaturated- plant and fish oils; liquid at room temperature

16
Q

Functions of lipids

A

Heat
Energy
Protection
Insulation

17
Q

Energy value of lipids?

A

I gram releases 9 kilocalories or 37 kilo joules

18
Q

How to reduce fat in the diet?

A
Buy lean meat
Spread butter thinly
Buy low fat products
Boil bake or steam instead of frying or roasting
Measure oil if frying
Use low fat salad dressing
19
Q

What is obesity?

A

When a person is 20% over their recommended weight for height

20
Q

What is coronary heart disease?

A

It is when the arteries of the heart is blocked by a substance called cholestrol.

21
Q

What is cholestrol?

A

It is a fatty substance that clings to the walls of the arteries

22
Q

What is a functional food?

A

It has an extra ingredient added to give it extra health benefits

23
Q

The composition of carbohydrates?

A

Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen

Glucose

24
Q

The classification of carbohydrates?

A

Sugar
Starch
Fibre

25
Q

Function of carbohydrates?

A

Heat
Energy
Fibre prevents constipation

26
Q

Energy value of carbohydrates?

A

1 gram releases 4 kcal or 17 kilo joule

27
Q

How do you reduce sugar?

A
Drink water
Use artificial sweeteners
Don't add sugar to anything
Buy tinned fruit in own juice
Leave sugar out of dishes where possible
28
Q

What is empty kilocalories?

A

These are foods with only one nutrient; sugar.

29
Q

How to increase fibre?

A

Whole meal varieties
Whole meal cereals
Eat fruit and veg
Nuts and seeds in dishes where possible

30
Q

What are the dietry goals?

A

Eat less sugar salt and saturated fat

Eat more fibre, fruit and veg, foods rich in calcium and iron

Drink more water and milk

Drink less fizzy drinks and alcohol

31
Q

What is a staple food?

A

It is eaten by the majority of people in a country. This food is plentiful and cheap

32
Q

Why do we need food

A

1) growth
2) repair
3) heat
4) energy
5) to prevent illness and disease