Nutrition

Question 1

What is the definition of 1kcal?

Answer 1

Amount of energy needed to raise temperature of 1kg of water by 1 degree

Question 2

What are the key components of our diet?

Answer 2

Carbohydrates
Protein 
Fat
Minerals
Vitamins
Water
Fibre

Question 3

What are the major dietary carbohydrates?

Answer 3

Starch 
Sucrose
Lactose
Fructose
Glucose
Maltose
Glycogen

Question 4

How many essential amino acids are there?

Answer 4

9

Question 5

What is the pneumonic for the essential amino acids?

Answer 5

If learned this huge list may prove truly valuable

Question 6

What are the essential amino acids?

Answer 6

Isoleucine 
Leucine
Threonine 
Histidine 
Lysine
Methionine 
Phenylalanine
Tryptophan 
Valine

Question 7

What other amino acids do children and pregnant women need in their diet?

Answer 7

Arginine
Tyrosine
Cysteine

Question 8

What are some essential fatty acids?

Answer 8

Linoleic acid

Linolenic acid

Question 9

What is the function of minerals in the diet?

Answer 9

Electrolytes = establish ion gradients 
Help bone structure 
Signalling molecules 
Enzyme co-factors 
Haemoglobin

Question 10

What are the fat soluble vitamins?

Answer 10

A
D
E
K

Question 11

What happens in a vitamin A deficiency?

Answer 11

Xerophthalmia - dryness of conjunctiva + cornea

Question 12

What happens in a vitamin D deficiency?

Answer 12

Rickets

Question 13

What happens in a vitamin E deficiency?

Answer 13

Neurologic abnormalities

Question 14

What happens in a vitamin K deficiency?

Answer 14

Defective blood clotting

Question 15

What are the water soluble vitamins?

Answer 15

B

C

Question 16

How many B vitamins are there?

Answer 16

8

Question 17

What are the B vitamins?

Answer 17

B1
B2
B3
B5
B6
B7
B9
B12

Question 18

What is B1 also known as?

Answer 18

Thiamin

Question 19

What is B2 also known as?

Answer 19

Riboflavin

Question 20

What is B3 also known as?

Answer 20

Niacin

Question 21

What is B5 also known as?

Answer 21

Pantothenic acid

Question 22

What is B6 also known as?

Answer 22

Pyridoxine

Question 23

What is B7 also known as?

Answer 23

Biotin

Question 24

What is B9 also known as?

Answer 24

Folate

Question 25

What is B12 also known as?

Answer 25

Cobalamin

Question 26

What happens in a B1 deficiency?

Answer 26

Beriberi

Question 27

What happens in a B2 deficiency?

Answer 27

Ariboflavinosis

Question 28

What happens in a B3 deficiency?

Answer 28

Pellagra

Question 29

What happens in B5 deficiency?

Answer 29

Fatigue | Apathy

Question 30

What happens in B6 deficiency?

Answer 30

Dermatitis | Anaemia

Question 31

What happens in B7 deficiency?

Answer 31

Alopecia | Scaly skin

Question 32

What happens in B9 deficiency?

Answer 32

Anaemia | Neural tube defects

Question 33

What happens in B12 deficiency?

Answer 33

Anaemia

Question 34

How is daily energy expenditure calculated?

Answer 34

Basal metabolic rate + diet-induced thermogenesis + physical activity level

Question 35

What factors affect BMR?

Answer 35

``` Body size Gender Environmental temperature Endocrine status Body temperature ```

Question 36

How is BMI calculated?

Answer 36

Weight / height ^2

Question 37

What is the BMI for underweight?

Answer 37

<18.5

Question 38

What is the BMI for normal weight?

Answer 38

18.5 - 24.9

Question 39

What is the BMI for overweight?

Answer 39

25 - 29.9

Question 40

What is the BMI for obese?

Answer 40

30 - 34.9

Question 41

What is the BMI for severely obese?

Answer 41

>35