Nutrition and Oral Health in the Elderly Lecture Powerpoint Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Nutrition and Oral Health in the Elderly Lecture Powerpoint Deck (18)
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1
Q

Metabolic changes in body composition in elderly

A
  • caloric requirements decline
  • total body water decreases 20%
  • increase in adipose
  • decrease lean body mass
  • decrease basal metabolic rate
  • decrease in gastrin, gastric motility
  • undernourishment unhealthy, being slightly higher bmi actually protective
2
Q

Sarcopenia

A

Decline in lean body mass often associated with age and a corresponding increase in total body fat that occurs in up to 50% of the elderly

3
Q

Leading causes of involuntary weight loss in the elderly (3)

A
  • depression
  • cancer
  • benign GI disease such as dysphagia
4
Q

Anorexia of aging

A

Poor appetite and hunger in elderly sometimes due to conditions such as changes in environment or diminished physical activity resulting in weight loss

5
Q

Cachexia

A

Inflammatory metabolic disorder with excess muscle loss and prostoglandin production throughout the body due to underlying condition, relatively rapid and giving characteristic emaciated appearance

6
Q

Oral/dental health problems that affect the elderly (3)

A
  • dental caries
  • periodontal disease
  • xerostomia
7
Q

Dentures impact on eating

A

Reduced taste sensation, increased work of eating and oral phase of swallowing, increased risk of candidal infection and stomatitis

8
Q

RDA definition (geriatric)

A

recommended dietary allowance, nutrient levels that meet requirement for 97-98% of healthy people, 2 sets exist for elderly 1 for those 51-70 and one over 70

9
Q

RDA and tolerable upper limit

A

Tolerable upper limit reflects degree to which excess intake of dietary nutrition will result in illness, should shoot for range between RDA and UL

10
Q

Vit A nutrition deficiencies side effects in elderly (3)

A
  • dry skin
  • bitots spots
  • xeropthalmia
11
Q

Vit D nutrition deficiencies side effects in elderly (2)

A
  • osteoporosis

- osteopenia

12
Q

Vit E nutrition deficiencies side effects in elderly (1)

A

-anemia

13
Q

Vit B6 nutrition deficiencies side effects in elderly (3)

A
  • glossitis
  • peripheral neuropathy
  • anemia
14
Q

Folic acid nutrition deficiencies side effects in elderly (4)

A
  • pallor
  • glossitis
  • anemia
  • stomatitis
15
Q

Vit B12 nutrition deficiencies side effects in the elderly (4)

A
  • anemia
  • paresthesias
  • ataxia
  • memory loss
16
Q

Iron nutrition deficiencies side effects in the elderly (1)

A

-anemia

17
Q

Calcium nutrition deficiencies side effects in elderly (2)

A
  • tetany

- muscle weakness or cramping

18
Q

Mini nutritional assessment (MNA)

A

Questionnaire of 6 questions asking about BMI, weight loss, acute illness or major stress recently, mobility, dementia or depression, and appetite to calculate score, high encourages rescreen after time, mid to low monitor or treat comorbidities or nutritional supplements