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2nd yr- CSA- Nutrition and Periodontal Disease > Nutrition and Periodontal Disease > Flashcards

Nutrition and Periodontal Disease Flashcards

(45 cards)

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1
Q

Why is nutrition important?

A
  1. Nutrition moderates the immune response
  2. The rapid turnover of the PDL is dependent on vitamin A,C iron, folic acid
  3. Nutrigenomics
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2
Q

Give some nutrients that are needed for rapid turnover of the PDL to occur

A
  1. Vitamin a
  2. Vitamin C
  3. Protein
  4. Folic acid
  5. Iron
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3
Q

What Is Nutrigenomics?

A

Nutriton modifying gene expression

Study of the genetic basis for variable responses to diet

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4
Q

Give examples of major nutrients

A

Protein
Carbohydrates
Lipids

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5
Q

Give examples of minor nutrients

A

Vitamins

Minerals

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6
Q

What are vitamins?

A

Organic substances present in small quantities in food

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7
Q

Why are vitamins important?

A

They are requires to maintain metabolic reactions

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8
Q

Give examples of fat soluble vitamins

A

Vitamins A, D, E and K

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9
Q

Give examples of water soluble vitamins

A

Vitamins C,B

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10
Q

Why is vitamin A important?

A

It is essential for:

  1. Night vision
  2. Maturation of epithelial tissues
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11
Q

What can excess vitamin A lead to

A

Can cause:

  1. Gingival erosions
  2. Bleeding
  3. Loss of keratinisation
  4. Headache
  5. Dry mouth
  6. Loss of hair
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12
Q

Why is vitamin D important?

A

Essential in minting blood calcium levels and metabolism of osseous tissues

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13
Q

Where do we get vitamin D from?

A

Sunlight

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14
Q

Give some dietary sources of vitamin D

A
  1. Oily fish
  2. Cod liver oil
  3. Egg yolk
  4. Meat
  5. Milk
  6. margarine,
  7. some breakfast cereals and yoghurts
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15
Q

What can the active metabolite of Active metabolite of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D, inhibit?

A

Can inhibit cytokine production and cell proliferation

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16
Q

What is a lack of vitamin D associated with

A

periodontal diseases

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17
Q

What is vitamin C made by?

A

All plants and most animals

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18
Q

Can humans make vitamin C?

A

NO

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19
Q

Why is vitamin C important ?

Study These Flashcards
A

It is required for collagen maturation (Hydroxylation of lysine and proline)

20
Q

What can vitaminC deficiency lead to?

21
Q

What can vitamin C deficient lead to ?

Study These Flashcards
A 
Muscle weakness, 
swollen,
painful joints, 
tissue bleeding 
Marked gingivitis
22
Q

How can a low vitamin C diet affect your oral cavity

Study These Flashcards
A

can increase gingival inflammation and bleeding but not attachment loss

23
Q

What is the recommended amount of vitaminC we would have?

Study These Flashcards
A

500mg 3X daily for 4 weeks

24
Q

Which habit can decrease your vitamin C levels?

25
Why is vitamin B important?
1. To get energy from carbohydrates and fats 2. Important in red cell formation 3. In proteins and amino acid metabolism
26
What has one study said vitamin B does?
It can improve periodontal wound healing
27
Why is calcium important?
It is required for Normal bone metabolism
28
What is calcium homeostasis controlled by?
Controlled by parathyroid hormone and calcitonin
29
What has a low calcium diet been linked with?
Low dietary calcium links with severe periodontal disease
30
What is the link between dairy products and periodontitis?
Low dietary calcium results in more severe periodontal disease
31
What has magnesium deficiency been associated with
Increased periodontal disease
32
How does fibre link with periodontitis?
Increased fibre in diet is associated with less perio disease
33
Why might increased fibre reduce the risk of periodontitis disease?
May be due to less dental plaque accumulation | May have nutritional benefits on periodontal tissues
34
How does alcohol affect periodontal disease?
Alcohol consumption may b associated with increased severity of clinical attachment loss in a dose dependent fashion
35
How do vegetables affect periodontal disease?
Increased intake of vegetables negatively correlates with periodontal disease
36
Define obesity
defined sa sienne having a body mass index of greater than 30kg.m^2
37
How many people in the UK are being classified as obese
29% adults | 20% 11 year olds
38
What is obesity a risk factor for?
``` 1. Hypertension 2 Type 2 diabetes 3. Cornoary heat disease 4. Stroke 5. gallbladder disease, 6. osteoarthritis 7. sleep apnea 8. respiratory problems 9. some types of cancer ```
39
Give some oral coansitons that are affected by obesity
1. Xerostomia 2. Caries 3. Periodontisis
40
Give examples of fat substances that may modulate periodontitis and how hey do this
Adipose tissues and adipose macrophages are a source of inflammatory cytokines called adipokines or adipocytokines, which may modulate periodontitis.
41
Why does increasing body fat increase likelihood of periodontitis ?
As Adipose tissues and adipose macrophages are a source of inflammatory cytokines called adipokines or adipocytokines, which may modulate periodontitis.
42
How much more likely are you to have periodontal disease if you are obese?
8.6 times more likely
43
Aside from BMI what else is important to consider in obesities patients?
Their total body fat Their waste circumference The location where fat is accumulating
44
In relation to diet and exercise what advice would you give o patients to help reduce their risk of developing periodontal disease
1. Lower calorie intake is associated with decreased periodontal disease 2. Weight loss and exercise has shown periodontal benefits 3. Increased physical activity is associated with lower periodontal disease
45
What are the benefits of fish oils?
Fish oils have anti inflammatory actions which could benefit periodontal health

2nd yr- CSA- Nutrition and Periodontal Disease (2 decks)

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