Nutrition and public health

Question 1

What is the double burden on nutrition?

Answer 1

Undernutrition along with overweight and obesity
and diet related non-communicable diseases
within individuals, households and populations
throughout life

Question 2

Who may be involved in the double burden of nutrition?

Answer 2

Individuals: simultaneous prescence of two or more type of malnutrition, or development of multiple type over life
Households: multiple family members affected by different forms of malnutrition
Populations: undernutrition and overweight prevalent in same community, region or nation

Question 3

Malnutrition worldwide

Answer 3

1.9 billion adults overweight -
>600 million of those are obese
264 million women of reproductive age are affected by iron-amenable anaemia
462 million adults are underweight
50 million children are wasted

Question 4

What are the determinants of weight status?

Answer 4

Behavioural: lifestyle and habits, psychological factors
Social and demographic: socioeconomic disadvantage and poverty, food insecurity
Biological: inheritability, epigenetic, early life experience
Environment: food supply and systems, food portion, trade, urban environment

Question 5

What are indicators of weight status?

Answer 5

BMI: normal - 18.5-24.9
Waist circumference: men - <94, women - <80

Question 6

What percentage of 2-15 yr olds were overweight of obese (2017)?

Answer 6

30%

Question 7

What is physical inactivity meant as?

Answer 7

1 in 4 women and 1 in 5 men in England physically inactive
Doing less than 30 minutes of moderate physical activity per week

Question 8

What are some morbidities are associated with obesity?

Answer 8

Type 2 diabetes
Hypertension
CVD
Asthma
Metabolic syndrome
Cancer
Gallstones

Question 9

How common are fast food eateries in the UK?

Answer 9

1 in 4 eateries

Question 10

What is the sugar tax?

Answer 10

Additional costs to manufacturers of products with added sugar