Nutrition Assessment Flashcards
(22 cards)
Malnutrition
Any alteration in physiology, composition, or function attributable to a diet or to a disease that affects nutritional (and clinical) outcomes.
Primary Malnutrition
Insufficient quantity or quality of food to meet metabolic demands.
Secondary Malnutrition
Illness or other factors lead to impaired uptake or use of nutrients; increase in metabolic requirements or losses that exceed nutrient availability.
Focus of MNT
Nutrition Screening
Process of identifying patients, clients, or groups who may benefit from nutrition assessment & intervention by an RD.
ABCDEFs of Nutritional Assessment
Anthropometrics Biochemical Clinical Dietary Energy/Exercise Functional
Anthropometry
Assessment of measures and proportions of the human body.
Body Composition
The amount and distribution of fat and lean body mass; changes in fat and lean body mass.
Clinical Assessment
Nutrition-focused assessment of health history and physical examination.
Nutrition-Focused Physical Exam (NFPE)
A system-based examination of each region of the body that aids in the evaluation of nutrition status by identifying markers of malnutrition and/or nutrient deficiencies.
Actual Body Weight (ABW)
Body mass measurement that represents the unadjusted sum of all body compartments without distinction between FM & FFM.
Usual Body Weight (UBW)
A pt normal weight range; usually self-reported.
Ideal Body Weight (IBW)
A metric that adjusts weight-for-height for comparison of weight status and/or weight-associated health risks.
Adjusted Body Weight
Algorithm-derived weight used to determine energy expenditure in pt with extremes of body weight.
Dry Weight
An estimated weight in pt with fluid overload
Estimated fluid wt - ABW
Body Mass Index (BMI)
The most common anthropometric comparison of body weight to body height, independent of frame size.
Inspection
The visual observation of color, shape, texture, and size.
Most common technique used in NFPE.
Palpation
The assessment of texture, size, temperature, tenderness, and mobility using fingers and/or hands.
Percussion
The tapping of fingers against body surfaces for sounds that reflect solids, fluids, or gas; used for abdominal assessment and/or feeding tube placement.
Auscultation
The assessment of sounds that reflect movement of fluid or air through organs and viscera.
Activities of Daily Living (ADLs)
Routine activities that most people complete on a daily basis (i.e. eating, bathing, dressing, toileting, walking)
Nutritional Adequacy
The state of equilibrium in which an individual’s DI matches his or her requirements.
Dietary Assessment
Assessment of dietary history used to identify inadequate, excessive, or imbalanced nutrient intakes.
Methods: 24-hour recall, food diary, FFQ
