nutrition basic

Question 1

what are the 6 classes of nutrients?

Answer 1

proteins, fats, carbs, minerals, water, vitamins

Question 2

how many nutrients does the body require?

Answer 2

around 50 essential nutrients divided into the 6 classes

Question 3

what is 1 kilocalerie?

Answer 3

1000 calories. amount of heat it takes to raise the temp of 1 litre of water 1 degree C

Question 4

how many calories are in a gram of fat?

Answer 4

9

Question 5

how many calories are in a gram of protein?

Answer 5

4

Question 6

how many calories are in a gram of carbohydrate?

Answer 6

4

Question 7

how many calories are in a gram of alcohol?

Answer 7

7

Question 8

what does protein do?

Answer 8

Form important parts of blood, enzymes, some hormones, cell membranes

Question 9

what is protein composed of?

Answer 9

9 essential amino acids

Question 10

what do fats do?

Answer 10

Help absorption of fat-soluble vitamins. Insulate our bodies to retain heat and provide a protective cushion for internal organs.

Question 11

what are the types of essential fats?

Answer 11

Essential fats include linoleic acid and alpha-linoleic acid

Question 12

what are the 3 forms of fats?

Answer 12

saturated, monounsaturated, polyunsaturated

Question 13

what are trans fatty acids? found where?

Answer 13

unsaturated fatty acids with an atypical shape produced by hydrogenation. can be found in fried food

Question 14

what type of fat should you choose to decrease the risk of heart disease?

Answer 14

unsaturated fats

Question 15

what are carbohydrates?

Answer 15

Various combinations of sugar units (saccharides).

Question 16

what are carbohydrates mainly used for?

Answer 16

Used primarily for energy

Question 17

what type of groups are carbohydrates classified into?

Answer 17

simple and complex

Question 18

what are examples of simple carbohydrates?

Answer 18

sucrose, fructose, maltose, lactose

Question 19

what are complex carbohydrates? where can they be found?

Answer 19

starches. among the most important sources of dietary carbohydrates. can be found in grains and vegies

Question 20

what is fibre?

Answer 20

non-digestible carbohydrate found in plants

Question 21

what can fibre do for you?

Answer 21

decrease risk of type 2 diabetes/heart disease, increase gastrointestinal health

Question 22

what prevents constipation, hemorrhoids, other digestive disorders?

Answer 22

insoluble fibre

Question 23

what do vitamins do?

Answer 23

energy production, growth of healthy tissue, use of minerals

Question 24

how many essential vitamins are there? how many are fat soluble? water soluble?

Answer 24

13 essential vitamins. 4 fat soluble. 9 water soluble

Question 25

what are water soluble vitamines?

Answer 25

soluble in water!! absorbed directly into bloodstream

Question 26

what are fat soluble vitamins?

Answer 26

capable of being dissolved in fat or lipid tissue

Question 27

what are the fat soluble vitamins? name them

Answer 27

A, D, E, K

Question 28

what are minerals?

Answer 28

inorganic micronutrients

Question 29

what are the types of minerals?

Answer 29

macrominerals and trace minerals

Question 30

what macrominerals? examples?

Answer 30

important for the body. e.g. calcium, phosphorus, sodium, etc

Question 31

how much macrominerals does the body need?

Answer 31

more than 100mg a day

Question 32

what are trace minerals? exmaples?

Answer 32

little is required but it is essential for good health. e.g. zinc, iron, copper, etc

Question 33

what is water used for?

Answer 33

in digestion and absorption of food. controls body temp. function in nearly all of body's chemical reactions

Question 34

when was canada's first food guide released? what was it called?

Answer 34

1942. "canada's official food rules"

Question 35

when was "eating well with canada's food guide" released?

Answer 35

february 2007

Question 36

what did "eating well with canada's food guide" emphasize?

Answer 36

importance of combining physical activity with healthy eating

Question 37

when were revisions made to the food guide? what were the guiding principles?

Answer 37

june 2017. regular intake of vegies, fruit, whole grains, protein (mainly from plants). choosing unsaturated over saturated fats. decrease intake of processed and prepared foods. share meals!!

Question 38

what changes did they make to the 2019 food guide?

Answer 38

no longer includes food groups/recommended serving sizes

Question 39

why does canada's food guide matter?

Answer 39

if followed can lead to healthier diets, eating patterns, and health outcomes

Question 40

when did nutrition labeling become mandatory for prepackaged foods?

Answer 40

in 2007

Question 41

what information is a nutrition label required to include?

Answer 41

nutrition facts table, ingredient list, nutrition claims

Question 42

what is a correction to a common misconception about the amount of food listed?

Answer 42

it is not a recommended serving

Question 43

how are ingredients listed in the nutrition label?

Answer 43

listed by weight