Nutrition & Diet Flashcards
(31 cards)
What is a balanced diet?
includes carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, vitamins, fibre, minerals & water in the correct proportions
What food is iron found in?
red meat
What food is protein found in?
chicken
What food is calcium found in?
milk
What food is vitamin A found in?
carrots
What food is vitamin C found in?
citrus fruits
What food is vitamin D found in?
egg
What happens if you don’t eat enough iron?
anemia
What happens if you don’t eat enough protein?
body issues
What happens if you don’t eat enough calcium?
weak bones & teeth
What happens if you don’t eat enough vitamin A?
night blindness
What happens if you don’t eat enough vitamin C?
scurvy
What happens if you don’t eat enough vitamin D?
rickets
What do humans use energy for?
movement
maintenance of body temp.
biological processes
growth & repair
What is the structure of carbohydrates?
polysaccharide starch
disacchardie starch
monosaccharide starch
What is the structure of protein?
amino acids
protein molecule
What is the structure of lipids?
glycerol
fatty acids
Why is fibre necessary?
aids digestion by peristalsis to prevent constipation, can also help prevent bowel cancer
e.g. brown rice
Why is protein necessary?
growth & repair of tissues, especially muscle & enzymes
Why is water necessary?
for all life processes, major in all organisms & cell chemical reactions
found in most foods (especially fruit)
Why is lipids necessary?
provides insulation to maintain body temp. & used as store for energy when daily diet doesn’t contain enough
e.g. meats
Why is carbohydrates necessary?
needed to release energy in our cells through respiration
complex - slow release energy
simple - fast release energy
e.g. pasta
Why is vitamins & minerals necessary?
can’t be produced by body & needed for correct functioning
e.g. fruit & veg
What is the chemical test for lipids?
emulsion test - ethanol + water
clear to cloudy
