Nutrition DSA/LECT

Question 1

What do you think is the recommendation for an adult for vegetables/day? Fruits?

Answer 1

6-9 fruits & vegetables

Question 2

What is a good way to estimate a 1/2cup measurement of a serving?

Answer 2

Hold your hand out, that makes half a cup!

Question 3

What is the recommended serving of protein per day?

In terms of daily household item measurements?

Answer 3

5 1/2 oz per day

A deck of playing cards

Question 4

Describe the mediterranean diet

Answer 4

Plant based: fruits, vegetables, nuts, grains, seeds, beans and olive oil

Eggs, diary, poultry and fish are eaten several times/week but portions are small

Minimal intake of red meat, refined sugar, flour, butter and fats

1-2 glasses of red wine/day

Question 5

What is a lacto-ovo-vegetarian diet?

Answer 5

Vegetarian diet that includes eggs and dairy products

Question 6

What is a lacto-vegetarian diet?

Answer 6

Vegetarian diet that includes dairy products, but NOT egg products

*remember, the name INCLUDES everything that is in the diet

Question 7

What is an ovo-vegetarian diet?

Answer 7

Vegetarian diet that includes eggs BUT NO DAIRY

Question 8

What is a pescetarian diet?

Answer 8

Fish and seafood

Question 9

What is a vegan diet?

Answer 9

Vegetarian that excludes eggs, dairy products and potentially honey

Question 10

What nutritional deficiency may result from a strict vegetarian or vegan diet?

A. B12 (cobalamin)

B. B3 (niacin)

C. Iron

D. B1 (Thiamine)

E. Folic Acid

Answer 10

What nutritional deficiency may result from a strict vegetarian or vegan diet?

A. B12 (cobalamin)

B. B3 (niacin)

C. Iron

D. B1 (Thiamine)

E. Folic Acid

Question 11

What is the current recommendation of daily salt intake?

Answer 11

2300mg/d

Question 12

There WILL be a question on the exam asking you to interpret a nutrition label

Identify the major info in this label

Answer 12

Question 13

What does reduced sodium mean?

Answer 13

At least 25% less sodium than in the original product

Question 14

What does light in sodium or lightly salted mean?

Answer 14

At least 50% less sodium than the ORIGINAL PRODUCT

Question 15

What does no-salt added or unsalted mean?

Answer 15

No salt is added during processing.

It does not mean that there is no sodium in the product

Question 16

What does very low sodium mean?

What does low sodium mean?

Answer 16

Very low = less than 35 mg

Low = 140mg or less

Question 17

What does reduced fat or less fat mean?

Answer 17

The food has at least 25% less fat than the regular product

Question 18

What is vitamin A required for?

Answer 18

Epithelial functions

(proliferation of basal cells, hyperkeratosis and formation of stratified cornified squamous epithelium)

Question 19

Sources for vitamin A?

Answer 19

Milk

Fish oil

Liver

Eggs

Carrots

Squash

Greens

Question 20

What disease process might lead to Vitamin A deficiency?

A. Crohn’s disease

B. Celiac disease

C. Bariatric surgery

D. Chronic mineral oil use for constipation

E. All of the above

Answer 20

What disease process might lead to Vitamin A deficiency?

A. Crohn’s disease

B. Celiac disease

C. Bariatric surgery

D. Chronic mineral oil use for constipation

E. All of the above

Question 21

What is niacin required for?

Answer 21

Niacin (B3) is required as a coenzyme to form NAD or NADP

Question 22

What are some sources of niacin?

Answer 22

• Meats, poultry, fish
• Legumes
• Wheat
• Synthesized in the body from tryptophan

Question 23

What vitamin is NOT found in plants?

Answer 23

B12

Question 24

What are sources of B12?

Answer 24

Eggs

Dairy products

Meats, Liver

Question 25

What are the symptoms of **scurvy?**

Answer 25

Inflamed gingiva Petechia Hemorrhage Impaired wound healing Hyperkeratosis Bleeding into body cavities

Question 26

Which of the following is a risk factor for vitamin D deficiency? A. Elderly nursing home resident B. Treatment for seizure disorders C. Dark-skinned patients living in northern climates D. Patients w/ milk allergy E. All of the above

Answer 26

Which of the following is a risk factor for vitamin D deficiency? A. Elderly nursing home resident B. Treatment for seizure disorders C. Dark-skinned patients living in northern climates D. Patients w/ milk allergy **E. All of the above**

Question 27

What lab may exist with a strict vegan diet? A. Low total protein B. Low albumin C. Microcytic, hypochromic anemia D. Megaloblastic anemia E. Elevated TSH

Answer 27

What lab may exist with a strict vegan diet? A. Low total protein B. Low albumin C. Microcytic, hypochromic anemia **_D. Megaloblastic anemia_** E. Elevated TSH

Question 28

What is the most likely deficiency? A. Iron B. Vitamin A C. Vitamin D D. Protein E. Vitamin C

Answer 28

What is the most likely deficiency? A. Iron **_B. Vitamin A_** C. Vitamin D D. Protein E. Vitamin C

Question 29

What is the most likely deficiency: A. Calcium B. Vitamin D C. Vitamin A D. Vitamin C E. Iron

Answer 29

What is the most likely deficiency: A. Calcium B. Vitamin D C. Vitamin A **D. Vitamin C** E. Iron

Question 30

What is the most likely deficiency? A. Vitamin A B. Niacin C. Folate D. Vitamin B12 E. Iron

Answer 30

What is the most likely deficiency? A. Vitamin A B. Niacin C. Folate **_D. Vitamin B12_** E. Iron

Question 31

What is the most likely deficiency? A. Vitamin D B. Vitamin C C. Protein D. B12 E. Protein-calorie

Answer 31

What is the most likely deficiency? A. Vitamin D B. Vitamin C C. Protein D. B12 **_E. Protein-calorie_**

Question 32

What is the most likely deficiency? A. Riboflavin B. Niacin C. Iron D. Folate E. All of the above

Answer 32

What is the most likely deficiency? A. Riboflavin B. Niacin C. Iron D. Folate **E. All of the above**

Question 33

What is the most likely deficiency? A. Vitamin D B. Vitamin C C. Protein D. B12 E. Protein-calorie

Answer 33

What is the most likely deficiency? **A. Vitamin D** B. Vitamin C C. Protein D. B12 E. Protein-calorie

Question 34

What is the most likely deficiency? A. Vitamin A B. Niacin C. Folate D. Vitamin C E. Protein

Answer 34

What is the most likely deficiency? A. Vitamin A **B. Niacin** C. Folate D. Vitamin C E. Protein

Question 35

What is the most likely deficiency? A. Vitamin K B. Vitamin A C. Vitamin C D. Iron E. B12

Answer 35

What is the most likely deficiency? A. Vitamin K B. Vitamin A **_C. Vitamin C_** D. Iron E. B12

Question 36

What is the most likely deficiency? A. Vitamin K B. Vitamin A C. Vitamin C D. Iron E. B12

Answer 36

What is the most likely deficiency? A. Vitamin K B. Vitamin A C. Vitamin C **_D. Iron_** E. B12

Question 37

What is the most likely deficiency? A. Riboflavin B. Pyridoxine C. Niacin D. Iron E. All of the above

Answer 37

What is the most likely deficiency? A. Riboflavin B. Pyridoxine C. Niacin D. Iron **_E. All of the above_**