Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Human Nutrition > Nutrition Final > Flashcards

Nutrition Final Flashcards

(122 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

During which phase of a weight loss program does an individual start losing less weight from water

A

Middle of weight loss program

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is an effect of excess weight loss on performance

A

Decrease in lean muscle mass

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Insulin does all the following except

A

hindering protein synthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Amenorrhea is not associated with what

A

Being overweight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

TF - Tabacco use hinders the ability to rebuild bone

A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What features represent an anorexic athlete when compared to a healthy one

A

Lanugo hair & leukocyte dysfunction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is a difference in energy requirements seen between boys and girls

A

Puberty

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

In children, what is a way to prevent heat stress

A

Drink 8 fl oz before exercise

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

3 major concerns when exercising a child

A

Energy requirements, hydration, protein requirements

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Which type of body shape is more dangerous and why

A

android (apple) upper body obesity because fat is moving around the intestines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

which is not a diet recommendation to help lose weight as part of an ideal diet, exercise, and behavior modification plan

A

cut out carbs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

the idea that the body is programmed at a set weight and that it will adjust as needed is known as what?

A

Set Point Theory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is not a common symptom of type II diabetes

A

excessive sweating

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is not a warning sign of hypoglycemia in a diabetic athlete

A

blurred vision and difficulty speaking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Insulin does not do what

A

promote the release of glucose into the blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Type II diabetes is what kind of problem in the body

A

A cell uptake problem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

TF Recommendation of water per day is 8 glasses?

A

FALSE 2.7 liters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

table salt provides what electrolytes

A

Sodium and chloride

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what antioxidant is present in cell membrane and helps with membrane integrity

A

Vitamin E

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

The minimum percent calories of fat for clients?

A

20%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what type of cell breaks down bone mineral?

A

osteoclasts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what is the RDA for protein

A

.8 g/kg of healthy body weight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

every adult should have at least 5 servings of what

A

fruits and veggies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what disorder involves consuming large amounts of food in one sitting

A

compulsive or binging disorder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
name all of the food groups in the MyPlate eating recommendation
Fruits, veggies, meats and beans, grains, dairy, and oils
26
people on a low fat diet, low in plant oils and nuts should supplement what vitamin
Vitamin E
27
people in what parts of the world would need additional vitamin D
Extreme north and south
28
what is the term for the number of calories to perform the body's functions at rest
basal metabolism
29
insufficient vitamin D can lead to what disease
Rickets
30
what type of food is fortified with B vitamins in the US food supply
refined grains
31
This method of body comp involves the use of xrays
DEXA
32
min. amount of calories for females
1200
33
min. amount of calories for males
1500
34
min. amount of protein for resistance training athletes
1.7 g/kg of healthy body weight
35
carotenoids are pro-vitamins that could be turned into what
vitamin A
36
how many calories does a gram of protein have
4
37
the range of calories for 2-3 year olds
1000-1400
38
range for 19-30 year old females
2000-2400
39
range for 31-51 year old males
2200-3200
40
range for 9-13 year old males
1600-2200
41
how many calories does a gram of alcohol contain
7
42
a 3 oz serving of meat is about the size of what
deck of playing cards
43
what term represents the range of nutrient intakes that are safe enough for needs
AL - adequate intake
44
how many calories does a gram of fat contain
9
45
a 1 cup serving size is about the size of what
a baseball
46
are vitamins or minerals inorganic
minerals
47
TF undernutrition of most nutrients will have immediate effects on health
FALSE
48
what is overnutrition
consuming more of a nutrient than you need daily everyday you eat for a long period of time
49
a food that has a high amount of nutrients compared to its kcal content is referred to as
nutrient dense
50
what term represents the amount of a nutrient recommended on nutrition labels
DV - daily value
51
how many calories does a gram of carbs contain
4
52
bacterial breakdown of what substance causes the creation of gas in the large intestine
carbs
53
basic processes of the digestive tract
secretion, ingestion, absorption or nutrients
54
what process is the primary function of the mouth
ingestion
55
what organ manufactures bile
liver
56
what is the first part of the small intestine
duodenum
57
term that describes the propulsion of food through the digestive tract
peristalsis
58
what part of the nervous system is responsible for running the digestive tract
Enteric
59
pancreatic amylase breaks down what substance
starch
60
the entrance of what substance in to the small intestine cause the feeling of satiety
carbs
61
TF the stomach is the primary site of the absorption of carbs
FALSE
62
carbs must be broken down into what before they can be absorbed
monosaccharides
63
what is not a secretion of the stomach
bile
64
what substance prevents the reabsorption of cholesterol, thus improving blood cholesterol
Soluble fiber
65
what is the primary function of the vili in the small intestines
absorption
66
what protects the stomach from its own digestive enzymes
mucus
67
what is the RDA for carbs
130g/day or 45-65%
68
simplest form of carbs
monosaccharides
69
complex carbs that are the storage form for carbs in the body are called
glycogen
70
what type of carbs is the main carb found in fruit and honey
fructose
71
the hormone that causes cells to take up glucose in the blood
insulin
72
the two organs that work together to maintain normal blood glucose levels
liver and pancreas
73
digestion of carbs begin where
mouth
74
in what state do we spend most of our time
absorptive state
75
TF the glycemic response is a measure of how the blood glucose will react to a given food compared to the same amount of glucose
TRUE
76
where is glycogen MAINLY found
both liver and muscle cells
77
male RDA for fiber
38g/day
78
female RDA for fiber
25g/day
79
normal range for blood glucose in mg/dL
70-100
80
the AL for omega-3 fatty acids
1.1-1.6 g/day
81
which omegas are considered essential fatty acids
omega 3 and 6
82
in order to reduce rancidity what type of fat is used to prepare foods
trans-fat
83
fats are lipids that are solid at room temp.
Yes
84
name 3 lipids
triglycerides, phospholipids, and sterols
85
americans typically have a lower than desired intake of what?
omega 3 fatty acids
86
omega 3's are found in what kind of food
fish and walnuts
87
what types of naturally occurring fat are most harmful for your health
saturated fat
88
if a person lefts weights how much protein do they need
up to 1.7 g/kg of healthy body weight
89
high quality proteins are also called
complete
90
translation of mRNA occurs in
ribosomes
91
RDA for protein
.8 g/kg of healthy body weight
92
what atom do amino acids contain that lipids and carbs do not
nitrogen
93
how many essential amino acids are there for humans
9
94
proteins are made up of a combo of
amino acids
95
what type of eater only consumes plants
vegan
96
the primary purpose of protein in the body is what
repair and rebuilding
97
the two best sources of protein are what
dairy and meat and beans
98
any protein ingested that is beyond what is needed immediately is?
excreded to the feces
99
what does denaturing mean
protein is unfolded
100
when the DNA makes mRNA this process is called
transcription
101
a deficiency of what nutrient early in pregnancy can lead to infant neural tube disorders and spina bifida
folate
102
what are we typically excessive in?
sodium
103
what is the most common nutrient deficiency in the world
iron
104
builds bone to minerals
osteoblasts
105
maintains bone to minerals
osteocyte
106
breaks down bone to mineral
osteoclast
107
phosphorus, vitamin D, magnesium and floride fall into what functional group
bone health
108
a good source of vitamin E is found in what
plant oils
109
antioxidants help neutralize what
free radiBals
110
vitamins b1, b2, b3 fall into what functional category
metabolism
111
a deficiency of vitamin C can cause what
scurvy
112
TF overeating certain foods is a normal cause of vitamin or mineral toxicity
FALSE
113
what vitamins are water soluble
vitamin B and C
114
what nutrient are we typically deficient in
potassium
115
what can decrease mineral absorption
phytic and oxalic acid
116
sodium, potassium, and chloride fall into which functional group
nutrients for fluid and electrolyte balance
117
a deficiency of vitamin D can lead to what
rickets
118
vitamin C, E, A and selenium fall into what functional group
antioxidants
119
vitamin K is essential to what bodily process
clotting
120
most vitamins and minerals are absorbed where
small intestine
121
which of these is not harmed by cooking?
minerals
122
what are fat soluble vitamins
vitamin A, E, D

Human Nutrition (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions