Nutritional and Environmental/Traumatic Disorders 5%

Question 1

What are the effects of vitamin E

Answer 1

• antioxidant and scavenges free radicals created during lipid metabolism
• stabilizes lysozomes
• Reduced PGE2 synthesis
• increases IL-2

Question 2

What role does zinc play?

Answer 2

• Integral component of many metalloenzymes involved in regulating metabolism
• Important cofactor for RNA and DNA polymerases
• Important for rapidly dividing cells in the epidermis
• Essential for biosynthesis of fatty acids
• Involved in vitamin A metabolism
• Required for normal immune function and in inflammatory reactions

Question 3

By what mechanism do corticosteroids increase the absorption of zinc within the gut?

Answer 3

Low-dose corticosteroids can be of benefit in the treatment of dogs with zinc responsive dermatosis that do not respond to zinc alone. Corticosteroids are known to increase zinc absorption from the GI tract by induction of metallothionein.

Question 4

What dietary ingredients can bind and decrease the absorption of zinc, leading to zinc deficiency?

Answer 4

• Phytates
• Iron
• Calcium
• Copper

Question 5

What bacteria are typically included in probiotics?

Answer 5

• Lactobacillus
• Bifidobacterium
• Enterococcus