Nutritional Strategies For Chr. GI Dz

Question 1

How does the GI respond?

Answer 1

V/D
Flatulence/ bloating
Poor appetite

Question 2

Highly digestible therapeutic diets

Answer 2

Low in insoluble fiber
High quality ingredients
Not all low fat

Question 3

Allergy

Answer 3

Immune-mediated
Previous exposure required
Skin, GI or both
Dose-dependent

Question 4

Intolerance

Answer 4

Not immune-mediated
Previous exposure not required
Gi signs
May be dose-dependent

Question 5

Food allergies

Answer 5

Less common
Gold standard- diet elimination trial

Question 6

Which food allergies are commonly reported in dogs

Answer 6

Beef, dairy, wheat, chicken and egg

Question 7

Which food allerigies are commonly reported in cats

Answer 7

Beef, dairy and fish

Question 8

T/F: allergy/ blood tests aren’t valid!

Answer 8

TRUE
not accurate

Question 9

Which food is selected for diet elimination trials?

Answer 9

Diet with novel protein and carb OR
Hydrolyzed diet with novel or purified carb

Question 10

Diet elimination trials

Answer 10

4-10w trial (GI signs respond faster than skin)
Response → re-challenge with OG diet

Question 11

Low fat diets

Answer 11

Most useful for dogs
18-23% fat calories for dogs
Most restrictive for lymphangiectasia

Question 12

Fiber

Answer 12

Indigestible carbs
Plant sourced: starch a1-4 linkages of glu (MC in animals)
Types of sugars or bonds separate fiber from digestible carb

Question 13

How is fiber classified?

Answer 13

Solubility: dissolution in water
Fermentability by gut microbes
both gradients

Question 14

Insoluble fiber

Answer 14

Cellulose, lignin, hemi-cellulose
↑ fecal bulk
Dilute calories

Question 15

How does insoluble fiber interact with the gut?

Answer 15

↑ transit speed of GI motility
Some water binding
↑ fecal frequency and defecation**
Low fermentability

Question 16

Soluble fiber

Answer 16

Gums, pectins, fructo-oligosaccarides, dextrins
Pull water into gut
Nourish gut microbes**

Question 17

How does soluble fiber interact with the gut

Answer 17

Slows GI motility
Mild ↑ in fecal volume
+/- frequency of defecation
Moderate to high fermentability (softens stool)**

Question 18

Crude fiber

Answer 18

Required for Guaranteed analysis
Captures most insoluble fiber
Misses all soluble fiber
Inexpensive assay

Question 19

Total dietary fiber (TDF)

Answer 19

Optional additional test (all therapeutic diets)
Soluble and insoluble fiber
Expensive

Question 20

Low carb diets

Answer 20

For chr. enteropathy in cats
<20% of calories
Results from ↓ amylase or disaccharidases or low tolerance fiber
Canned options the best!!

Question 21

Home cooked diets

Answer 21

Fewer ingredients/ reduce variables
High digestibility
Risk of deficiencies and imbalances

Question 22

IBD

Answer 22

Syndrome of inflammatory infiltration of wall of GI tract

Question 23

IBD strategies

Answer 23

Highly digestible
Novel or hydrolyzed
Tx for SI dz
concurrent medical tx, may not respond to diet change

Question 24

For IBD stratgies what should you do?

Answer 24

Tx appropriately for part fo the bowel affected

Question 25

Lymphangiectasia

Answer 25

Dilation of lymph vessels → can lead to protein losing enteropathy

Question 26

Lymphangiectasia strategies

Answer 26

Reduce dietary fat

Question 27

Small volume feline constipation (cats)

Answer 27

Rock hard +/- blood Improve hydration (canned diets, fountain, fluids) Insoluble fiber to bulk stool and help hold water Soluble fiber to pull water in

Question 28

Large volume constipation/ Megacolon(cats)

Answer 28

Distended colon +/- neuro dysfunction (obstipation) Medical therapy (prokinetics, lactulose)

Question 29

Feline constipation nutritional goals

Answer 29

Avoid large amounts of insoluble fiber Highly digestible diet Soluble fiber (inulin, guar, gum, psyllium) WL if appropriate