NW C3 GQ2 GW Vocab Flashcards
(21 cards)
Machine
From root “machina-“: a device that changes the size or direction of a force used in doing work.
Compound machine
From roots “com-“ and “ponere-“: a combination of two or more simple machines.
Lever
From root “levare-“: a machine that does work by turning around a fulcrum.
Fulcrum
From root “fulcire-“: a rigid point or support at which a lever pivots.
Wheel and axle
From root “axel-“: a simple machine made up of two circles rigidly attached to each other that move together and can bear a load.
Pulley
From root “polos-“: a simple machine that is a wheel with a groove in its rim.
Wedge
From root “wegge-“: a form of inclined plane that tapers from a very thick end to a very thin end.
Screw
From root “scroba-“: a combination of an inclined plane and a cylinder that has a spiral groove cut into it.
Efficiency
From root “efficientia-“: measures the output work compared to the input work of a machine.
Efficiency = (output work ÷ input work) x 100%
Mechanical advantage (MA)
From root “avant-“: the number of times a machine increases a force exerted on it. A comparison of the force needed to do the work directly with the force applied to a machine.
Mechanical advantage = output force ÷ input force.
Momentum
From root “momentum-“: the product of an object’s mass and velocity.
Momentum = mass x velocity.
Centripetal force
From roots “centrum-“ and “petere-“: the force needed to create and maintain circular motion.
Amplitude
From root “ampl-“ meaning “large, spacious. abundant”: the vertical distance of a wave between the crest (maximum) or the trough (minimum) and the equilibrium (rest) point.
Conversion
From root “convertere-“ meaning “to turn about, transform”: a change from one form of energy to another (transformation).
Frequency
From root “frequentia-“ meaning “crowd, repeated, press”: the number of complete waves that pass a given point in a given amount of time.
Kinetic energy
From root “kine-“ meaning “to move, moving”: the energy of motion.
Longitudinal wave
From root “long-“ meaning “long”: a wave that moves parallel to the direction of propagation.
Transverse wave
From roots “trans-“ and “vers-“ meaning “across, through” and “turn, change”: a wave that moves perpendicular to the direction of propogation.
Potential energy
From root “poten-“ meaning “power”: energy stored or held in readiness, with the potential to do work.
Power
From roots “potere-“, “potus-“, or “posse-“, meaning “powerful, able”: the rate at which work is done.
Wavelength
From roots “wafian-“ and “length”, meaning “wave, fluctuate” and “length”: the distance between two corresponding parts of a wave.
