Nz Flashcards
(28 cards)
When was the treaty of Waitangi signed?
6th February 1840
What were the different perspectives on the two things in the treaty of Waitangi?
A) The meaning of sovereignty (supreme power or authority)
B) Control/ownership of land and resources
When were the wars?
The wars took place between 1845 and 1872
Who fought in the wars?
The British empire and the Maori tribes of New Zealand
What was the cause of the land wars?
1) The fighting was over who owned New Zealand snd who could be in control of the country
2) Maori believed they could co-exist with the colonists with each respecting boundaries of their different areas of influence. Many Maori valued co-operation with Europeans. However The British believed it was their duty and right to impose their administration, customs and rule of law across the entire country.
When and where was the first conflict?
June 1843 in the Wairau valley at the top of the South Island.
How did the British have an advantage?
The British far outnumbered the Maori and their weapons were also more superior, however the Maori warriors did not back down easily.
Who were two significant people in the land wars?
Hone Heke Pokai
Governor George Grey
When did the Northern war take place and who was involved?
1845-1846
British troops and two Maori tribes led by Hone Heke and Kawiti
When did the Taranaki war take place and who was involved?
1860-61, 1863
British troops and a Maori tribe led by Wiremu Kingi
When did the Waikato war take place and who was involved?
1861-1864
British troops and the Maori king and his followers
What caused the Northern war?
Maori did not like the colonial government’s increasing control over Māori affairs.
· The government placed customs duties on goods which meant an increase in the cost of goods for Maori in the Bay of Islands.
· Heke also strongly objected to the flag of the Union Jack replacing the flag of the United Tribes as New Zealand’s official flag. He saw this as denying Maori equal status with the government. The flagstaff was cut down four times in 1844 – 1845.
What was the outcome of the northern war?
Heke and Kawiti defeated the British troops.
What caused the Taranaki war?
A minor chief offered land to the government which they accepted. A more senior Maori chief, Wiremu Kingi, objected to this land sale along with those living on the land at the time. The land dispute led to warfare between British troops and Maori led by Wiremu Kingi.
What was the outcome of the Taranaki war?
A truce ended the fighting in 1861, but fresh fighting broke out in 1863.
What caused the Waikato war?
There is debate about what caused this war. Some believe it was land disputes that led to the outbreak of war. Others suggest it was the desire to impose British administration, law and civilisation on Maori.
What was the outcome of the Waikato war?
Maori were defeated by the British
What was the outcome of the land wars?
Maori were eventually defeated. Over 2000 Maori had lost their lived compared to the loss of 745 British soldiers
Large areas of land belonging to the Maori people in the Waikato, Bay of Plenty, Taranaki, Hawke’s Bay and Poverty Bay were also confiscated by the government under the New Zealand Settlements Act. This led to conflict and hostility between Maori and the NZ government that is still evident today.
What was the Kinglet movement?
Maori elected a king because they decided they could work more effectively against the pressures placed on Maori for land if they united. A pan-tribal movement could not only provide protection against European settlement but also develop its own system of laws and maintain peace among the tribes.
The first Maori king was Pōtatau Te Wherowhero. He was known as ‘The Kingmaker’ amongst the pakeha
What happened between Governor grey and the Maori king?
Governor grey was appointed as an administrator to the British crown. He was tasked with actively promoting European settlement.
He didn’t like the kingite movement because it promoted self governance and had a king in opposition to the British queen.
What did Grey use as justification for the invasion of the Waikato?
That the Kingitanga movement was a threat ti European settlers and were planning and invasion of colonial Auckland.
What did Grey do?
Grey met with Te wherowhero and told him to hand over his land to which he refused.
Te where where died 3 years before the invasion and his son Tawhiao succeeded him.
What did tawhio do?
Tawhiao threatened Grey with war if he crossed the Mangataawhiri river River. Grey ignored the threat and crossed the river resulting in war being declared.
What was the invasion of the Waikato like?
Governor grey gathered troops from across the British empire to fight against Maori in the Waikato.
His first task wad to build a supply line between Auckland and Pokeno troops based at the Queens redoubt with the necessary resources. Today this supply line is known as the Great south road.
Gunboats on the river allowed the British to deliver troops to the Waikato and provide additional fire power.
