OB 49

Question 1

two ways to date a pregnancy

Answer 1

conceptual age, gestational age

Question 2

gestational age is also known as

Answer 2

menstrual age

Question 3

conceptual age is also known as

Answer 3

embryologic age

Question 4

gestational age adds ______ to conceptual age

Answer 4

2 weeks

Question 5

the conceptus 12 days after conception

Answer 5

zygote

Question 6

the conceptus from time of implantation to the end of the 10th week of menstrual age

Answer 6

embryo

Question 7

the conceptus after 10 weeks

Answer 7

fetus

Question 8

trophoblastic cells become what

Answer 8

the placenta

Question 9

glycogen-rich mucosa that nourishes early pregnancy

Answer 9

decidua

Question 10

implantation into uterine decidua is completed within _____ after fertilization

Answer 10

12 days

Question 11

during implantation, enzymes from the trophoblasts “eat into” decidual tissue to create space for trophoblastic cell proliferation. These are blood pools called ____ ?

Answer 11

lacunae

Question 12

lacunae and trophoblastic cells develop into mature _____

Answer 12

placental/maternal circulation complex

Question 13

results in light vaginal bleeding about the same time as expected menstrual period

Answer 13

implantation bleeding

Question 14

within the conceptus, the inner cell mass matures into the _______

Answer 14

embryonic disc

Question 15

yolk sac seen sonographically

Answer 15

secondary yolk sac

Question 16

when does the primary yolk sac pinch off and form the secondary yolk sac?

Answer 16

23 days gestation

Question 17

phase between weeks 4-10

Answer 17

embryonic phase

Question 18

initial heartbeat occurs

Answer 18

between 5 1/2 and 6 weekss

Question 19

during the embryonic phase, the embryo changes from a flat, disk-like configuration to a _______

Answer 19

C-shaped structure

Question 20

by the end of the 10th week, the crown-rump length(CRL) is what?

Answer 20

35mm

Question 21

weeks 11 & 12 are the begining of this phase

Answer 21

fetal period

Question 22

in the fetal period, the fetal head is disproportionately larger than the rest of the fetus by how much

Answer 22

one half of the CRL

Question 23

fetal anatomy is fully developed when?

Answer 23

late first trimester

Question 24

When measuring hCG levels: urine results are positive or negative

Answer 24

qualitative

Question 25

When measure hCG levels: provides specific levels of hCG in blood

Answer 25

quantitative

Question 26

normal gestational sac is expected to be seen when hCG level is _______

Answer 26

3000 mIU/ml or greater

Question 27

normal IUP demonstrates ________ of hCG levels every 2-3 days

Answer 27

doubling

Question 28

hCG levels ______ before spontaneous expulsion of nonviable gestations(spontaneous abortion)

Answer 28

decrease

Question 29

when do hCG levels plateau and start to decline?

Answer 29

at 9-10 weeks

Question 30

for downs syndrome detection-- hCG levels ____

Answer 30

are increased in the 1st/2nd trimester

Question 31

for downs sydrome detection PAPP-A levels ______

Answer 31

decreased levels in the 1st trimester

Question 32

When is the gestational sac sonographically visualized?

Answer 32

5th week

Question 33

portion on myometrial/burrowing side of conceptus

Answer 33

decidua basalis

Question 34

villi covering developing embryo

Answer 34

decidua capsularis

Question 35

interface between decidua basalis and decidua capsularis

Answer 35

double decidual sac sign

Question 36

gestational sac grows at rate of ______ in early pregnancy

Answer 36

1mm per day

Question 37

visualization of yolk sac predicts viable pregnancy in over ____

Answer 37

90%

Question 38

failure to visualize yolk sac when the MSD of the gestational sac is ____ or greater is abnormal

Answer 38

12mm

Question 39

normal yolk sac diameter should not exceed

Answer 39

6mm

Question 40

embryo should be seen with a MSD of

Answer 40

greater than 18mm

Question 41

embryionic heartbeat must be seen when CRL is

Answer 41

greater than 4mm

Question 42

fusion of membranes(chorioamniotic fusion) occurs at

Answer 42

14-15 weeks. should be complete by 16 weeks

Question 43

spine develops from the

Answer 43

ectoderm

Question 44

spine may be visualized as parallel echogenic lines at ____

Answer 44

6 weeks

Question 45

by 8 weeks, 3 vesicles seen within fetal brain...

Answer 45

prosencephalon, mesencephalon, rhombencephalon

Question 46

rhombencephalon divides into two parts ....

Answer 46

cephalic and caudal

Question 47

rhombencephalon--cephalic:

Answer 47

forms cerebellum and pons

Question 48

rhombencephalon-caudal:

Answer 48

forms medulla

Question 49

when the rhombencephalon divides, what forms?

Answer 49

cystic rhomboid fossa

Question 50

cystic rhomboid fossa should not be confused with...

Answer 50

dandy-walker malformation

Question 51

cystic rhomboid fossa sonagraphically seen....

Answer 51

from 8-10 weeks

Question 52

hands and feet are completely formed _____

Answer 52

by the end of the 10th week

Question 53

anterior abdominal wall is developed by______ from four ectomesodermal body folds

Answer 53

6 weeks gestation

Question 54

midgut loop descends into the fetal abdomen at about the

Answer 54

11th week

Question 55

the echogenic mass(midgut loop) is no longer visualized outside of the fetus, but rather inside of it after _____ weeks

Answer 55

12 weeks

Question 56

first organ to function within embryo

Answer 56

heart

Question 57

when has the heart obtainted its adult configuration

Answer 57

by the end of the 8th week

Question 58

embryonic heart rates at 6 weeks

Answer 58

90-115

Question 59

embryonic heart rates at 9 weeks

Answer 59

140-160

Question 60

MSD formula

Answer 60

(L+W+H)/3

Question 61

CRL is the most accurate method for dating through

Answer 61

12 weeks

Question 62

small fluid pocket along fetus' back during 1st trimester

Answer 62

nuchal translucency

Question 63

when is NT measured

Answer 63

11-14 weeks (11 weeks 0 days- 13 weeks 6days)

Question 64

CRL must be ____ for NT measurement

Answer 64

45-84mm

Question 65

NT measurement...fetal head must be in what position

Answer 65

neutral position