Obedience

Question 1

What does Milgram support?

Answer 1

The agentic state.

Question 2

Supporting evidence for the agentic state?

Answer 2

Milgram.

Question 3

What were Milgram’s findings?

Answer 3

100% of ppts continued to 300V. 65% continued to 450V, the fatal shock.

Question 4

What do Milgram’s variations support?

Answer 4

Situational variables affecting obedience.

Question 5

Supporting evidence for situational variables?

Answer 5

Milgram’s variations and Bickman.

Question 6

What were the findings of Milgram’s variations?

Answer 6

Proximity - fell to 40%.
Touch proximity - 30%.
Remote instruction - 20.5%.
Location - 47.5%.
Uniform - 20%.

Question 7

What does Bickman support?

Answer 7

Situational variables affecting obedience.

Question 8

Describe Bickman.

Answer 8

Participants were given an instruction from a confederate in either a civilian, milkman, or guard uniform. Obedience was highest with the guard, lowest with the civilian.

Question 9

What does Hofling et al contradict?

Answer 9

Situational and social-psychological variables affecting obedience.

Question 10

Contradictory evidence for situational and social-psychological variables?

Answer 10

Hofling et al.

Question 11

Describe Hofling et al.

Answer 11

Nurses were given instructions from a doctor over the phone, against hospital rules. 21/22 nurses obeyed, contradicting Milgram’s results. Also, the nurses were not anxious, contradicting how agents typically feel when acting destructively.

Question 12

What does Blass and Schmitt support?

Answer 12

Legitimacy of authority.

Question 13

Describe Blass and Schmitt.

Answer 13

Participants were shown videos of Milgram’s procedure and asked who was most at fault. Participants blamed the experimenter, as they had the most authority.

Question 14

Supporting evidence for legitimacy of authority?

Answer 14

Blass and Schmitt.

Question 15

Evidence for cultural bias in social-psychological and situational variables?

Answer 15

Kilham and Mann, and Mantell.

Question 16

What do Kilhem and Mann, and Mantell show?

Answer 16

Cultural bias in social-psychological and situational variables.

Question 17

Describe Kilhem and Mann.

Answer 17

Used Milgram’s procedure on an Australian sample, and only 16% continued to 450V.

Question 18

Describe Mantell.

Answer 18

Used Milgram’s procedure on a German sample, and 85% continued to 450V.

Question 19

What does Adorno support?

Answer 19

The dispositional explanation for obedience.

Question 20

Support the dispositional explanation?

Answer 20

Adorno, and Elms and Milgram.

Question 21

What were Adorno’s findings?

Answer 21

There was a positive correlation between high scores on the F-scale, and anti-semitism, racism, and feelings of superiority.

Question 22

What does Elms and Milgram support?

Answer 22

Dispositional explanation for obedience.

Question 23

Describe Elms and Milgram.

Answer 23

Interviewed, using the F-scale, 20 obedient and 20 disobedient participants of Milgram’s study. Obedient participants scored higher.

Question 24

What do Middendorp and Meleon contradict?

Answer 24

Dispositional explanation for obedience.

Question 25

Contradictory evidence for dispositional explanation?

Answer 25

Middendorp and Meleon.

Question 26

Describe Middendorp and Meleon.

Answer 26

Found that less educated people were more likely to have an Authoritarian personality, so education levels may be the real factor affecting obedience.