Obesity

Question 1

Obesity

Def & Dx Criteria

Answer 1

A medical condition characterized by excess body fat that may impair health
Considered a chronic condition (WHO)

Dx Criteria: Body Mas Index
BMI = kg (mass) / m2 (height)

Question 2

BMI Categories

Answer 2

Very severely underweight = below 15
Severely underweight = 15-16
Underweight = 16-18.5
Normal = 18.5-25
Overweight = 25-30
Obese Class I (moderately obese) = 30-35
Obese class II (severaly obese) = 35-40
Obese Class III (very severely obese) = > 40
Also called morbidly obese

Question 3

Etiology

(5)

Answer 3

1. Diet - surplus of calories = more likely to store kcal in adipose tissue
2. Sedentary lifestyle - 1. not burning enough kcal & 2. less mm mass (atrophy) d/t imobility = DEC metabolic rate b/c mm requires more energy
3. Medications - anti-depressants & oral contraceptives - can cause INC fat storage
4. Genetics - store adipose tissue differently OR INC risk of obesity
5. Secondary to other illnesses - ex. hyperthyroidism

Question 4

Associated health problems

(7)

Answer 4

1. Cancers - breast, colon, kidney, prostate
2. Cardiovascular disease - MI, stroke, CAD, PVD - atherosclerotic plaque
3. Gall Bladder Dysfunction
4. Metabolic Syndromes
5. Obstructive sleep apnea
6. Osteoarthritis - more prone joints = weight bearing joints - knees (INC 1lb = INC 4 lb in GRF)
7. Type II DM

Question 5

Exercise Parameters

Answer 5

F: > 5 days / wk
I: Moderate (40-60%HRR) to vigorous (50-75% HRR)
T: 30-60 minutes (general - may have to start w/ less)
T: Primary mode should be aerobic PA involving larger mm groups

Considerations:
1. Overheating
2. Impact on the joints
- Potentially start w/ low impact (until wt DEC & you feel that they can tolerate more)
- Ex. Swimming & biking to start