Flashcards in obestiy Deck (30)
Loading flashcards...
0
underweight
<18.5
1
normal weight
18.5-24.9
2
overneight
25-29.9
3
overweight
25-29.9
4
obesity 1
30-34.9
5
obesity 2
35-39.9
6
obesity III (extreme)
>40
6.3% population
7
excess calories stored as
triglycerides in two ways--adipose cellular hyperplasia & adipose cellualr hypertrophy
8
adipose cellylar hyperplasia
increase in number of cells
early onset
extreme
9
adipose cellualr hypertrophy
increase in size only
adult onset
mild
10
weight loss leads to
change in adipose cell size but not number (this remains constant even with weight loss)--this is reason why weight loss is so hard and so often relapse
11
peptides and NT that increase appetite
NPY
AGRP
MCH
Ghrelin*
endocannabinoids
Orexins*
Galanin
Opiods
12
peptides and nt that decrease appetite
leptin*
a-MSH
CRF
CART
Neuromedian
Urocortin
CCK*
IL6
CNTF
PYY
oxyntomodulin
13
leptin is produced in
fat cells, gut, placenta
14
leptin
signals brain how much fat is stored
15
db/db and ob/ob mice
ob- deficient
db- defect
hyperphagia
insulin R
infertility
hyperinsulinemia
16
melanin protein (MSH)
inhibits food intake
17
agouti gene/protein
inhibits mSH binding to receptor-->decrease MSH-->stimulates food intake
also competes w/ MSH for Melacortin 4R
18
carboxypeptide E
cleaves proinsulin
*fat mice lack this
19
tub gene
retinitis, other neuro deficits-->hypothal damage-->stimulates appetite
20
M4R deletion
hyperphagia, obesity
21
M3R deletion
store more fat, lower lean body mass
22
5HT 2C deletion
increase food intake, obesity, seizures
23
5HT1B deletion
blocks anorexic effects dexfenfluramine
24
Neurpeptide YKO
normal amounts of fat--losing gene does nto cause weight loss
25
candidates for treamtnet depend on
degree of risk
no baritric surgery for anyone under BMI of 30
26
malabsorptive surgery
bypass duodenum to decrease absorption
jejunoileal bypass, biliopancreatic diversion
27
restrictive surgery
small pouch restricts volume of food intake--early satiety with normal absorption
vertical banded gastroplasty, laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding
28
bombined restrive/malabsorptive
roux-en-y gastric bypass
29
